Inhibited aggregation of lithium salt in spiro-OMeTAD toward highly efficient perovskite solar cells

Liu, Yang; Hu, Yuchao; Zhang, Xinyang; Zeng, Peng; Li, Faming; Wang, Bin; Yang, Qiang; Liu, Mingzhen

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104483

Cited by 70 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The PSC using spiro-OMeTAD presents poor stability, and the efficiency is maintained at only 50% after 200 h due to the hygroscopic property of additives in the spiro-OMeTAD. 50 For the PSC based on NiO HTL, because of the hydrophobic property of organics on the surface of NiO nanoparticles, the device exhibits excellent stability, maintaining 91% of the pristine efficiency after 200 h. After treatment with oxygen plasma, the working stability is similar to the control one. By contrast, the device based on hexanethioltreated NiO HTL can only maintain about 10% of the original efficiency after 200 h.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Surface Modification of NiO Nanoparticles for Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Based on All-Inorganic Charge Transfer Layers

Qiu

Mou

Song

et al. 2020

Journal of Elec Materi

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In the conventional n-i-p structure of perovskite solar cell (PSC), spiro-OMe-TAD is used as the hole transport layer. However, some additives in spiro-OMeTAD, such as LiTFSI and TBP, can bring risks for perovskite degradation. Nickel oxide (NiO), a wide-band gap (3.6-4.0 eV) p-type semiconductor material with excellent electrical and optical properties, is widely applied in the PSCs and other fields. Given the suitable valence and conduction bands, NiO can effectively block electrons and transport holes, which are generated in the perovskite film after illumination. However, depositing a compact and thin NiO layer on the perovskite film is difficult because of the heat and solvent sensitivity of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite. Here, we propose a facile method to prepare well-dissolved NiO nanoparticles in chlorobenzene, and the NiO film on perovskite is further modified by oxygen plasma or hexanethiol treatment to enhance the hole conductivity. Finally, we obtain a n-i-p structured PSC on the basis of all-inorganic charge transport layer with an efficiency of 4.21% using the prepared NiO film, and the value is further improved to 6.10% after oxygen plasma post-treatment. Moreover, the working stability is enhanced remarkably as the spiro-OMeTAD is replaced by NiO film, which is important for the application of PSCs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Surface Modification of NiO Nanoparticles for Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Based on All-Inorganic Charge Transfer Layers

Qiu

Mou

Song

et al. 2020

Journal of Elec Materi

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“…One possible reason could be the reduced aggregation of lithium salt, which usually serves as an additive to facilitate more efficient charge transport. 52 Usually, for processing the spiro-OMe-TAD film, another additive of 4-tert-butylpyridine is added into the solution to secure a more homogeneous distribution of the lithium salt. 51 Both 4-tert-butylpyridine and lithium salt could form chemical bonds with spiro-OMeTAD, 53 which provides the possibility of retaining these dopants in the spiro-OMeTAD during the recycling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“One-key-reset” recycling of whole perovskite solar cell

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Matter

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“…Device containing only cobalt salts and t-BP presents PCEs of 17.98% and 15.47% under RS and FS with an HI of 0.140; the decrease of HI could be attributed to the absence of lithium in the device. It has been proven that suppressing the migration of lithium from HTL to ETL could result in the reduced hysteresis of the PSCs [17,31]. In the absence of cobalt salt, devices involving K-FSI/t-BP obtain PCEs of 19.88% and 19.45% under RS and FS, higher than that of 19.16% and 14.57% for the devices using Li-TFSI/t-BP (Table S3).…”

Section: Hysteresis Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) is added to accelerate the oxidation of spiro-OMeTAD [13], and 4-tertbutylpyridine (t-BP) is used to not only enable an effective p-doping through interface interaction between t-BP and the perovskite layer but also increase the solubility of Li-TFSI in the spiro-OMeTAD solution [14,15]. However, these standard bi-dopants of Li-TFSI and t-BP have been identified to conjointly destroy the morphology of hole transport layers (HTLs) and long-term stability due to the hygroscopicity of Li-TFSI and the low boiling point of t-BP [16][17][18]. In the case of exposure to the ambient, the evaporation of t-BP leads to aggregation and hydration of Li-TFSI, which eventually results in the destruction of the PSC devices [15,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel dopant for spiro-OMeTAD towards efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Lin

et al. 2021

Sci. China Mater.

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2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD), as the most common used hole transport material (HTM), plays a significant role in the normal structured (n-i-p) high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In general, it is prepared by a halogen solvent (chlorobenzene, CBZ) and needs an ion dopant (lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, Li-TFSI) to improve its conductivity and hole mobility. However, such a halogen solvent is not environmentally friendly and the widely used Li-TFSI dopant would affect the stability of PSCs. Herein, we develop a non-halogen solvent-tetrahydrofuran (THF)-prepared spiro-OMeTAD solution with a new p-type dopant, potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (K-FSI), to apply into PSCs. By this strategy, high-hole-mobility spiro-OMeTAD film is achieved. Meanwhile, the potassium ions introduced by diffusion into perovskite surface passivate the interfacial defects. Therefore, a hysteresis-free champion PSC with an efficiency of 21.02% is obtained, along with significantly improved stability against illumination and ambient conditions. This work provides a new strategy for HTMs toward hysteresis-free high-efficiency and stable PSCs by substituting dopants.

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Inhibited aggregation of lithium salt in spiro-OMeTAD toward highly efficient perovskite solar cells

Cited by 70 publications

References 38 publications

Surface Modification of NiO Nanoparticles for Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Based on All-Inorganic Charge Transfer Layers

Surface Modification of NiO Nanoparticles for Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Based on All-Inorganic Charge Transfer Layers

“One-key-reset” recycling of whole perovskite solar cell

A novel dopant for spiro-OMeTAD towards efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

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