Inherited susceptibility to miscarriage: a nested case-control study of 31,565 women from an intergenerational cohort

Family history and risk of miscarriage: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

“…Included studies defined family history as: any family history of miscarriage; 29 any family history of miscarriage within the last 5 years in either first‐ or second‐degree relatives; 30 any family history in first‐ or second‐degree relatives; 26 any family history in first‐, second‐ or third‐degree relatives; 32,34 any family history of recurrent miscarriage; 24,25 a family history of recurrent miscarriage in first‐degree relatives; 21,28,33 mother’s history of miscarriage 20,27,31 …”

“…As the results are based on pooled unadjusted analyses, as most studies did not adjust for confounding factors the results may not be precise as many other factors, such as maternal age, can affect the risk of miscarriage 3,14,15 . However, one study previously published by our group 20 adjusted for smoking, deprivation, age and year of delivery in daughters when investigating the association of a maternal history of miscarriage. A much more conservative association was found, which likely reflects the robust statistical methods used.…”

“…Family history of miscarriage is not a universally accepted predictor for miscarriage currently, but there is growing evidence that there may be a familial association. [19][20][21] The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was to determine whether there is an association between a woman's family history of miscarriage and the risk of miscarriage. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to appraise the evidence on familial predisposition to miscarriage.…”

Clinical practice guidelines for recurrent miscarriage in high-income countries: a systematic review

“…R ecurrent miscarriage is estimated to affect 1-2% of women of reproductive age, depending on the definition used, and with the caveat that the actual prevalence is difficult to obtain owing to difficulty accessing data (Hemminki and Forssas, 1999;Oliver-Williams and Steer, 2015;European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology [ESHRE] Early Pregnancy Guideline Development Group, 2017;Rasmark Roepke et al, 2017;Woolner, et al, 2020). The term used to describe the condition varies between countries and professional bodies (Youssef et al, 2020); for example, ESHRE uses the term 'recurrent pregnancy loss' (ESHRE Early Pregnancy Guideline Development Group, 2017), whereas the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) in the UK uses the term 'recurrent miscarriage' (RCOG, 2011).…”

A Validation Study on the Frequency and Natural History of Miscarriages Using the Spanish Primary Care Database BIFAP

“…Among plausible factors, those can be classified as unmodifiable or modifiable ones. Examples of unmodifiable factors include chromosomal abnormalities of the fetus, representing around 50% of the miscarriages or inherited susceptibility [ 11 ]. Among modifiable factors, the most common ones include life style factors such as smoking, alcohol intake, obesity but also psychological stress.…”