Inheritance of signs of «many-flowered» common wheat and evaluation of productivity of the spike of F2 hybrids

Abstract

Parameters of spike productivity in plants varieties Novosibirskaya 67 (N67), Saratovskaya 29 (S29), Puza-4 and «many-fl wered» line Skle 123-09 were assessed in two years with different weather conditions. It was shown that «many-fl wered» line Skle 123-09 is significa tly higher in the number of grains per spike and number of grains per spikelet than varieties N67, S29 and Puza-4, and that the expression of «manyfl wering» depends on the environmental conditions and the genetic background. It was shown that the «many-fl wering» is a genetic trait and is therefore workable. A study of hybrids F 2 С29 × Skle123-09, N67 × Skle 123-09, P-4 × Skle 123-09 isolated plants with fan-shaped cones and a high number of grains per spikelet as Skle 123-09 and having the best performance of other features as ear varieties recipients. The seeds of these plants will be used to secure «fl wering». Two-factor analysis of variance showed that the number of grains per spike knotted depends on growing conditions, genotype and their interaction. Variability of grains per spikelet in drought-resistant varieties of S29 and Puza-4 is mainly dependent on the genotype and, to a lesser extent, on the «genotype × environment» interaction. In variety N67 created for West Siberia, only genotype is a factor. The weight of a grain per ear primarily is primarily affected by «genotype × environment» (almost 60 %), while the influen e of «genotype × environmental» was half as strong. The variability of «masse of one grain» in F 2 hybrids (S29, P-4 × Skle123-09) is infl enced by environmental factors, genotype and their interplay. Genotype accounts for the highest impact (> 70 %). F 2 hybrids (N67 × Skle 123-09) share the greatest variability in the «genotype × environment» interaction (77 %).

Raise and characterization of a bread wheat hybrid line (Tulaykovskaya 10 × Saratovskaya 29) with chromosome 6Agi2 introgressed from Thinopyrum intermedium

“…3). This shape is a specific sign of multiflowered spikelets in wheat (Martinek et al, 2005;Arbuzova et al, 2016).…”

“…As the potential of forming more grains in wheat exceeds the actual yield by far, many studies are dedicated to seeking tools to control this process. The genetic and physiological grounds of breeding for more grains in spikes and spikelets and, ultimately, more grains per unit area are extensively investigated (Cui et al, 2012;Sreenivasulu, Schnurbusch, 2012;Arbuzova et al, 2016;Guo et al, 2016Guo et al, -2018Bhusal et al, 2017;Philipp et al, 2018;Sukumaran et al, 2018;Wolde et al, 2019;Hu J. et al, 2020). Analysis of the reproductive developmental stages of spikes, spikelets, florets, and grains, as well as of their genetic regulation, is the best way to understand the formation of the trait 'grain number and spike fertility'.…”

“…Thus, the integrated analysis of the grounds of the multiflowered habit (Han H. et al, 2014;Arbuzova et al, 2016) and the raise and use of multiflowered forms in breeding (Guo et al, 2016;Sakuma et al, 2019) are means for improving wheat grain yield.…”