Inherent flame retardation of semi-aromatic polyesters via binding small-molecule free radicals and charring

Fu, Teng; Guo, De‐Ming; Wu, Jia-Ning; Wang, Xiaolin; Chen, Li; Wang, Yu‐Zhong

doi:10.1039/c5py01938a

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Additionally, these two polymers are characterized by substantial char yields at 650 °C. Similar behavior was observed in other highly aromatic polymers . The char yield depends significantly on the chemical structure of the polymer backbone, and high‐charring thermoplastics are generally characterized by high aromaticity and have good flame‐retardant properties .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Towards Sustainable High‐Performance Thermoplastics: Synthesis, Characterization, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Bisguaiacol‐Based Polyesters

et al. 2018

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The utilization of wood-derived building blocks (xylochemicals) to replace fossil-based precursors is an attractive research subject of modern polymer science. Here, we demonstrate that bisguaiacol (BG), a lignin-derived bisphenol analogue, can be used to prepare biobased polyesters with remarkable thermal properties. BG was treated with different activated diacids to investigate the effect of co-monomer structures on the physical properties of the products. Namely, derivatives of adipic acid, succinic acid, and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid were used. Moreover, a terephthalic acid derivative was used for comparison purposes. The products were characterized by H NMR spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance FTIR spectroscopy, gel-permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry to assess their structural and thermal properties in detail. The polymers showed glass-transition temperatures ranging up to 160 °C and thermal stabilities in excess of 300 °C. Furthermore, the susceptibility of the polyester to enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated to assess the potential for further surface functionalization and/or recycling and biodegradation. Indeed, hydrolysis with two different enzymes from the bacteria Thermobifida cellulosilytica led to the release of monomers, as quantified by HPLC. The results of this study indicate that our new polyesters represent promising renewable and biodegradable alternatives to petroleum-based polyesters currently employed in the plastics industry, specifically for applications in which high-temperature stability is essential to ensure overall system integrity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Towards Sustainable High‐Performance Thermoplastics: Synthesis, Characterization, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Bisguaiacol‐Based Polyesters

et al. 2018

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“…It is known that the flame‐retardant effectiveness and mechanism of phosphinate not only relates to its chemical structure but also to the applied polymer matrix . When AlPi was used as a flame retardant alone, PA6T/6–GF–AlPi showed better flame retardancy than PA6–GF–AlPi [which failed the UL 94 tests (HB level)] according to the UL 94 tests; this was mainly due to the introduction of benzene rings because it is well accepted that an increased benzene ring content is beneficial to flame retardancy . With a combination of the analysis of the LOI and UL‐94 tests, we deduced that the AlPi was an effective flame retardant for both unreinforced and GF‐reinforced PA6T/6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiaromatic polyamide poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide)‐co‐polycaprolactam: Thermal and flame‐retardant properties

Peng

Tong

Zhang

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide)-co-polycaprolactam (PA6T/6; 50:50) copolymer was synthesized with a reactive extrusion method and subsequently mixed with a certain content of glass fibers (GFs) and different ratios of flame-retardant aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi) to fabricate a series of composites. These resulting composites were found to have excellent mechanical (tensile strength 5 119-154 MPa) and thermal properties (heat-deflection temperature 5 263-293 8C). It is particularly worth mentioning that the value of the limiting oxygen index reached 29.5% and a UL-94 V-0 rating (1.6 mm) was achieved with the addition of 20 portions of AlPi. Also, the values of the peak heat-release rate and total heat release in cone calorimetry were found to decrease with the addition of the flame-retardant AlPi, which acted mainly as a flame inhibitor in the gas phase. Through visual observation, scanning electron microscopy after cone calorimetry testing, and thermogravimetric analysis, the condensed-phase flame-retardant mechanism of the PA6T/6-GF-AlPi system was confirmed to have a synergetic role.

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“…Moreover, the C/O ratios of PET/5%PACP and PET/4%PACP/1%T‐POSS were 7.34 and 6.89, respectively, which were higher than that of neat PET (2.36) and PET/1%T‐POSS (3.07). This implied that an aromatic structure formed, which was beneficial in improving the self‐extinguishment and flame inhibition of PET composites during combustion . Therefore, the fire‐retardant mechanism of the composite was attributed to the formation of a stabilized char layer containing a silicon–phosphate structure due to the reactions between the silicon and phosphorous elements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of trisilanolphenyl‐POSS on rheological, mechanical, and flame‐retardant properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/cyclotriphosphazene systems

Yan

Zeng

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) chips were coated by trisilanolphenyl–polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (T‐POSS) and hexakis (para‐allyloxyphenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene (PACP) using the predispersed solution method, and PET/PACP/T‐POSS hybrids were further prepared by the melt‐blending method. The influence of T‐POSS on the rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties and flame retardancy of PET/PACP composites were discussed. The results suggest that T‐POSS was homogeneously dispersed in the PET matrix, which reduced the negative effects on polymer rheology and mechanical properties. For the PET/4%PACP/1%T‐POSS sample, the tensile strength at break and Tg increased from 29.67 MPa and 81.7 °C (PET/5%PACP) to 34.8 MPa and 85.8 °C, respectively, but the sample also self‐extinguished within 2 s, and the heat release capacity was reduced by 27.9% in comparison with that of neat PET.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45912.

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Inherent flame retardation of semi-aromatic polyesters via binding small-molecule free radicals and charring

Abstract: Semi-aromatic polyesters containing special aryl ether and/or ketone structures show good flame retardancy via binding small-molecule free radicals and forming char during combustion.

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

Towards Sustainable High‐Performance Thermoplastics: Synthesis, Characterization, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Bisguaiacol‐Based Polyesters

Towards Sustainable High‐Performance Thermoplastics: Synthesis, Characterization, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Bisguaiacol‐Based Polyesters

Semiaromatic polyamide poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide)‐co‐polycaprolactam: Thermal and flame‐retardant properties

Effect of trisilanolphenyl‐POSS on rheological, mechanical, and flame‐retardant properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/cyclotriphosphazene systems

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