Inhalation Dosimetry Modelling

Housiadas, Christos; Lazaridis, Mihalis

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8663-1_6

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 122 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indoor sources of UFP also include emissions from electric appliances, office equipment and printers, washing powders and household cleaning products (Destaillats et al, 2008;Wensing et al, 2008;Shcipp et al, 2011Shcipp et al, , 2012. The particle's penetration efficiency into the human respiratory tract is size dependant and has its maxima in the size range of 100 nm -1 µm (Housiadas and Lazaridis 2010;Lazaridis et al, 2001;Hussein et al, 2015) and therefore these particles can be more dangerous to human health (Oberdörster, 2001;Franck et al, 2011;Heinzerling et al, 2016). These findings prompted many researchers, in recent years, to focus on PN concentrations in residential areas (Bhangar et al, 2011;Kerney et al, 2011;Mullen et al, 2011) and, furthermore, to estimate the contribution of the outdoor environment and of the indoor sources to the indoor particle load (Morawska et al, 2001;He et al, 2004;Matson, 2005;Beko et al, 2013;Talbot et al, 2016;Tong et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number Concentrations and Modal Structure of Indoor/Outdoor Fine Particles in Four European Cities

Lazaridis

Eleftheriadis

Zdimal

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Indoor/outdoor aerosol size distribution was measured in four European cities (Oslo-Norway, Prague-Czech Republic, Milan-Italy and Athens-Greece) during 2002 in order to examine the differences in the characteristics of the indoor/outdoor modal structure and to evaluate the effect of indoor sources to the aerosol size distributions. All the measurement sites were naturally ventilated and were occupied during the campaigns by permanent residents or for certain time periods by the technical staff responsible for the instrumentation. Outdoor particle number (PN) concentrations presented the higher values in Milan and Athens (median values 1.4 × 10 4 # cm -3 and 2.9 × 10 4 # cm -3 respectively) as a result of elevated outdoor emissions and led to correspondingly higher indoor values compared to Oslo and Prague. In absence of indoor activities, the indoor concentrations followed the fluctuations of the outdoor concentrations in all the measurement sites. Indoor activities (cooking, smoking, etc.) resulted in elevated indoor PN concentrations (maximum values ranging between 1.7 × 10 5 # cm -3 and 3.2 × 10 5 # cm -3 ) and to I/O ratios higher than one. The I/O ratios were size dependant and for periods without indoor activities, they presented the lowest values for particles < 50 nm (0.51 ± 0.15) and the ratios increased with fine particle size (0.79 ± 0.12 for particles between 100-200 nm). The analysis of the modal structure showed that the indoor aerosol size distribution characteristics differ from the outdoors under the effect of indoor sources. The percentage of unimodal size distributions increased during indoor emissions, compared to periods without indoor sources, along with the number concentration of Aitken mode particles, indicating emissions in specific size ranges according to the type of the indoor source.

show abstract