Infundibula of equine maxillary cheek teeth. Part 1: Development, blood supply and infundibular cementogenesis

Suske, A.; Pöschke, A.; Schrock, Patricia; Kirschner, Stefanie; Brockmann, Marc A.; Staszyk, Carsten

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.029

Cited by 24 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the current study the mean age (12 years) of the whole population and horses with PC was older than the PC-affected horses (mean 8.1 years) in a previous study in which it was proposed that high levels of concentrates and haylage were risk factors for PC [3]. In contrast, infundibular caries can only affect the maxillary cheek teeth and most evidence would suggest the primary problem to be defects in cemental filling of certain cheek teeth, especially the Triadan 09s [17][18][19][20][21]. Peripheral caries preferentially affects the caudal upper and lower cheek teeth indicating an environmental change in the caudal oral cavity that favours the growth of cariogenic bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peripheral caries preferentially affects the caudal upper and lower cheek teeth indicating an environmental change in the caudal oral cavity that favours the growth of cariogenic bacteria. In contrast, infundibular caries can only affect the maxillary cheek teeth and most evidence would suggest the primary problem to be defects in cemental filling of certain cheek teeth, especially the Triadan 09s [17][18][19][20][21]. Nevertheless, changes in the oral environment also likely play a role and infundibular caries was positively associated with PC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An epidemiological survey on the prevalence of equine peripheral dental caries in the United Kingdom and possible risk factors for its development

Borkent

Reardon

McLachlan

et al. 2016

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An epidemiological survey on the prevalence of equine peripheral dental caries in the United Kingdom and possible risk factors for its development

Borkent

Reardon

McLachlan

et al. 2016

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Overjet/overbite ("Parrot mouth"), a rostral malocclusion of the upper incisors in relation to the lower incisors is the most common equine congenital craniofacial abnormality [29,30]. This appears to be an inherited disorder and Thoroughbred horses are more predisposed than other breeds [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study showed a high sensitivity (97%) of CT in detecting changes in teeth affected by apical infection. In the third part of the study, 30 cheek teeth assessed as being abnormal based on oral, radiographic and CT examinations were extracted along with their alveoli from 27 cadaver heads. Gross and histological examination findings from these teeth and alveoli were compared to the pre-extraction imaging findings, again showed high sensitivity (96.4%) of CT in diagnosing cheek teeth apical infection.…”

Section: Phd Thesis the University Of Edinburgh 2018mentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical evaluation of ex vivo restoration of carious equine maxillary cheek teeth infundibulae following high-pressure gas and micro-particle abrasion

Dixon

Savill

Horbyl

et al. 2014

The Veterinary Journal

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Infundibular caries of the equine maxillary cheek teeth is an important disorder that can lead to dental fracture or apical infection. Treatment by removing food debris and carious dental tissue from affected infundibulae using high-pressure abrasion with aluminium hydroxide micro-particles, followed by filling the cleaned defect with endodontic restorative materials is a recommended treatment. However, although anecdotally considered a successful treatment option, there is currently no objective evidence to support this claim. Forty maxillary cheek teeth (CT) that contained 55 infundibulae with caries (mainly grade 2) were extracted post-mortem from 21 adult horses. Five of the CT were sectioned prior to treatment to facilitate visual examination of the carious infundibulae. The remaining carious infundibulae were cleaned using high-pressure abrasion with aluminium hydroxide particles and five CT were sectioned to assess the efficacy of this cleaning process. The remaining 30 CT containing 39 carious infundibulae were then filled with a composite restorative material. The efficacy of this restoration was assessed by computed tomography imaging followed by direct visual examination after sectioning the teeth. Only 46% (18/39) of restored infundibulae, all with shallow (mean 9.6 mm deep) defects, were fully cleaned of food debris and carious material, and filled with restorative material to their full depth. Of these 18, 11 had peripheral defects around the restoration, leaving just 18% (7/39) of restorations without any gross defects. The remaining 54% (21/39) of infundibulae (mean depth of infundibular caries defect, 18.3 mm) still contained food debris and/or carious material in more apical locations, with infundibulae with the deepest caries defects being the least effectively cleaned. The findings of this study indicate that high-pressure micro-particle abrasion is only effective in cleaning food debris from shallow, carious CT infundibulae and consequently, the majority of subsequent infundibular restorations are imperfect.

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“…; Suske et al . ). The hypoplastic infundibula are then potentially vulnerable to carious damage when exposed through attrition (Suske et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Extraction of 22 equine cheek teeth with displaced sagittal fractures using polymethylmethacrylate stabilisation (2011–2016)

Pearce

Brown

2017

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Displaced sagittal cheek tooth fractures are a cause of oral pain, quidding and apical infection. Intraoral extraction is the preferred technique to remove affected teeth, but can be difficult due to displaced and friable fracture fragments. Stabilising fracture fragments via filling of the fracture space with polymethymethacrylate (PMMA) prior to removal may be a useful method to facilitate intraoral extraction. Case details were examined retrospectively. A total of 22 cheek teeth required extraction in 20 horses because of displaced sagittal fractures. Clinical diagnoses were made using oral examination, oral endoscopy, skull radiography and computed tomography. All procedures were performed in standing, sedated horses in stocks. Fracture spaces were cleaned and packed with PMMA and teeth removed using a routine intraoral extraction technique. Digital photographs of extracted teeth were taken and tooth measurements calibrated using digital image software. Intraoperative difficulties, as well as post‐operative complications were recorded. A total of 21 maxillary and one mandibular cheek teeth were extracted. All maxillary teeth had advanced infundibular caries. Intraoral extraction was successful in 16 cases; six were unsuccessful and required repulsion due to tooth fragmentation or abnormal dental anatomy. In 11 cases, maxillary or conchofrontal sinus trephination was performed to either treat sinusitis, repulse the tooth, or both. Two horses developed short‐term complications following local anaesthesia of the maxillary nerve. The mean ratio of fracture depth to tooth length was 0.59 and mean ratio of fracture width to tooth width 0.53. The limitations of the study are its small sample size, retrospective nature and lack of control group to compare extraction success in PMMA and non‐PMMA groups. It was concluded that using PMMA to stabilise displaced sagittal fractures in equine cheek teeth is a simple, effective method of facilitating intraoral extraction and may reduce the need for more invasive procedures.

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Infundibula of equine maxillary cheek teeth. Part 1: Development, blood supply and infundibular cementogenesis

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

An epidemiological survey on the prevalence of equine peripheral dental caries in the United Kingdom and possible risk factors for its development

An epidemiological survey on the prevalence of equine peripheral dental caries in the United Kingdom and possible risk factors for its development

Critical evaluation of ex vivo restoration of carious equine maxillary cheek teeth infundibulae following high-pressure gas and micro-particle abrasion

Extraction of 22 equine cheek teeth with displaced sagittal fractures using polymethylmethacrylate stabilisation (2011–2016)

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