Infrared Emission from Free Carriers in Germanium*

Ulmer, E.A.; Frankl, D. R.

doi:10.1364/josa.59.001233

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2022

2023

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…Optical properties such as absorption cross-section and skin depth determine the amount of heat absorbed and the depth of the optical penetration [ 23 ] at the incident surface. In electronic materials such as silicon and germanium, the generation of photocarriers through a photon–electron interaction can also contribute to the thermal response through nonradiative relaxation to the ground state [ 24 ]. The associated temperature increase results in surface emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Modulated Photothermal Radiometry

Corona

Kandadai

2023

Sensors

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In this review, the emerging work using a technique known as modulated photothermal radiometry (MPTR) is evaluated. As MPTR has matured, the previous discussions on theory and modeling have become increasingly limited in their applicability to the current state of the art. After a brief history of the technique, the currently used thermodynamic theory is explained, highlighting the commonly applied simplifications. The validity of the simplifications is explored via modeling. Various experimental designs are compared, and the differences are explored. New applications, as well as emerging analysis techniques, are presented to emphasize the trajectory of MPTR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%