Infrared and Raman spectra of lunar samples from Apollo 11, 12 and 14

Perry, C. H.; Agrawal, Dinesh Kumar; Anastassakis, E.; Lowndes, R. P.; Rastogi, A. K.; Tornberg, N. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00562000

Cited by 53 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Raman spectra of lunar pyroxene have been obtained on Apollo samples (Fabel et al, 1972;Perry et al, 1972); they typically have two strong Raman peaks in the 1000-1010 cm À1 and 650-670 cm À1 spectral ranges. The $1000 cm À1 peak is assigned as the symmetric stretching vibration of the Si-O bond in [SiO 4 ] tetrahedra, and the $670 cm À1 peak is attributed to the symmetric stretching vibration of Si-O-Si bonds in [Si 2 O 6 ] n chains (White, 1975).…”

Section: Typical Raman Spectra Of Lunar Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and geochemistry of four lunar soils by laser-Raman study

Ling

Wang²,

Jolliff³

2011

Icarus

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Section: Typical Raman Spectra Of Lunar Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and geochemistry of four lunar soils by laser-Raman study

Ling

Wang²,

Jolliff³

2011

Icarus

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“…Raman imaging microscopy is an emerging tool in the study of astromaterials including meteorites, [ 1–6 ] cometary material, [ 7 ] lunar material, [ 8,9 ] and cosmic dust. [ 10,11 ] Raman imaging can provide insights into, for example, the mineral species, [ 1,9,12–14 ] chemical composition, [ 15–17 ] carbon species, [ 18–20 ] and crystal orientation [ 13,21 ] of astromaterial and geologic samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of Raman bandwidth in large Raman images using a mercury–argon lamp

Jakubek

Fries

2020

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Raman imaging has proven to be an important tool in the analysis of astromaterials. Raman imaging can describe the composition and mineralogy of astromaterials in a nondestructive manner preserving precious samples for additional study. Raman bandwidth is a common spectroscopic marker used to elucidate information such as composition, latent strain, and thermal processing history. The observed Raman bandwidth of a sample is a result of a convolution of the true Raman lineshape and the spectrometer's slit function. Thus, to compare Raman bandwidths across spectra and instruments, one needs to calibrate the Raman spectrum to account for effects of the slit function. Astromaterials are heterogeneous requiring the collection of large Raman images for adequate sampling. It is well known that the wavenumber calibration of an instrument drifts with time throughout Raman image collection. Here, we find that the spectrometer slit function also varies with time and laboratory temperature throughout Raman image collection. We utilize a mercury–argon (Hg–Ar) lamp integrated into our Raman microscope in a novel manner to calibrate the bandwidth in each Raman spectrum within our Raman image. We can do this because the narrow Hg–Ar lamp emission lines approximate the spectrometer slit function for each Raman spectrum allowing for the calculation of the true Raman bandwidth from each Raman spectrum within the Raman image. Our technique allows for the comparison of Raman bandwidth throughout a Raman image and between Raman images/spectra collected using different instruments, facilitating scientific analyses that are reproducible across multiple laboratories.

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“…The use of Raman spectroscopy for extraterrestrial materials study started in early 1970s, that is, when the first set of lunar samples was returned by Apollo missions. In lunar soils, the major minerals identified were olivine, pyroxene, and feldspar, as well as silicate glasses [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] despite the low optical efficiency of Raman system of that era. The true flourish in the geological applications of Raman spectroscopy was instigated by the development of microprobe Raman technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of fluorescence emission from extraterrestrial materials and its significance for planetary Raman spectroscopy

Wang

Wei

Korotev

2019

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Fluorescence emission has been a serious impediment in the application of Raman spectroscopy to terrestrial geologic samples. It is largely unknown how significant the fluorescence problem would affect Raman analyses during a planetary surface exploration mission. We have completed a set of two experimental studies to quantitatively evaluate the fluorescence emission excited by multiple wavelengths from a set of 21 stony meteorites that represent 98.9% (by types) of all stony meteorites collected, named, and classified worldwide. Our data revealed a general trend, that is, the non‐Raman emission intensities of extraterrestrial materials are two to three orders of magnitude lower than those of typical terrestrial clays and the soils from hyperarid Mars‐analog region (Atacama Desert). Based on >4,500 Raman spectra (excited by continuous wave [continuous wave] 532‐nm laser line) obtained by auto‐scans on these 21 meteorites, we found that the average percentage of informative Raman spectra is nearly 98%, with a standard deviation of 2% and the lowest value of 93%. We also found that the information on major and minor mineral phases revealed by our multispots Raman measurements are consistent with those published in Meteoritic Bulletin database for the examined meteorites. In conclusion, our experimental results demonstrated that the fluorescence interference that sometimes concealed the Raman signals of terrestrial samples would not be a threat to planetary Raman spectroscopy that uses CW 532‐nm laser line for excitation. This conclusion is consistent with the in situ fluorescence observations made during two missions on Mars and with many Raman spectroscopic studies of lunar rocks and soils returned by Apollo missions.

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Infrared and Raman spectra of lunar samples from Apollo 11, 12 and 14

Cited by 53 publications

References 14 publications

Mineralogy and geochemistry of four lunar soils by laser-Raman study

Mineralogy and geochemistry of four lunar soils by laser-Raman study

Calibration of Raman bandwidth in large Raman images using a mercury–argon lamp

Quantification of fluorescence emission from extraterrestrial materials and its significance for planetary Raman spectroscopy

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