Informed decision making before changing to RDT: a comparison of microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic Test and molecular techniques for the Diagnosis and Identification of Malaria Parasites in Kassala Eastern Sudan

Osman, Mamoun M. M.; Nour, Bakri Y. M.; Sedig, Mohamed F.; Bes, Laura de; Babikir, Adil M; Mohamedani, Ahmed Abdalla; Mens, Pètra F.

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-s2-p32

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When RDTs were used as the reference standard, nPCR exhibited sensitivity and positive values of 100% and 39.38% respectively. This ability for PCR to more accurately detect low-grade parasitemia with a higher degree of sensitivity than microscopy and RDTs supports the reports by other researchers [22], [27][28][29][30]. The high false negative obtained using RDTs has been reported and suggested that all RDT negative results be confirmed by microscopic analysis [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of <i>Plasmodium</i> Parasites in Kano, Nigeria

Vincent¹

2017

EJCBS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasmodium identification represents the crucial factor in malaria diagnosis and treatment across developing countries. Conventional microscopy and the use of rapid diagnostic kits have been extensively applied towards human malaria diagnosis. Recombinant DNA techniques have been applied towards malaria diagnosis as well as in the species specific identification using Plasmodium 18s-rRNA gene. This study was undertaken amongst patients attending the Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital, Kano. Blood samples were collected from 350 malaria suspected patients. Microscopic analysis via Giemsa-staining revealed that 220 patients were positive for malaria. RDT analysis showed that 248 test samples were positive for Plasmodium infection. DNA products obtained from the blood samples were analyzed by nested PCR to amplify the 18S ssrRNA Plasmodium gene with genus and specific primers rPLU1/5, rPLU3/4, rVIV1/2, rFAL1/2, rMAL1/2 and rOVA1/2. Data obtained showed that 58.64% of specimens tested by microscopy were false positives while 60.62% of false positives were obtained using RDTs in comparison to nPCR which proved that on 91 out of 350 patients were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, representing 26% of tested specimen. Comparative analysis of nPCR to microscopy showed that the sensitivity and positive predictive values of the nPCR were determined as 100 and 41.36%, respectively, while against RDTs it was 100 and 39.38% respectively. nPCR was determined to be more sensitive and specific than either microscopy or RDTs. This study revealed that the accurate diagnosis of malaria by nPCR was compulsory in malaria-prone regions of Nigeria such that nPCR should be applied routinely in laboratory studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of <i>Plasmodium</i> Parasites in Kano, Nigeria

Vincent¹

2017

EJCBS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These two hospitals are tertiary hospitals that provide services for all patients referred from heath centers and rural hospitals. The area is characterized by unstable malaria transmission [11]. The detail of the method and clinical part of the study was published recently [12].…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of artesunate and quinine in the treatment of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria at Kassala hospital, Sudan

Abdallah

Elmardi²,

Elhassan³

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: There is a need to investigate the treatment (artesunate and quinine) of severe malaria, as this will influence the outcome of morbidity and the mortality of the disease.Methodology: An open randomized trial conducted at Kassala, Sudan. Patients with severe P. falciparum malaria were randomly assigned to either intravenous artesunate at 2.4 mg/kg at 0, 12, and 24 hours, then daily, or intravenous quinine at a 20 mg/kg loading dose, then 10 mg/kg three times a day. Fever and parasite clearance and coma resolution time were compared between the two groups . Results: The two groups (47 in each group) were well matched in the clinical and biochemical characteristics. Hypotension, convulsions, severe anemia, hypoglycemia, cerebral malaria, and jaundice were the predominant manifestations of severe malaria. The mean (SD) of the fever clearance (10.8 [5.5] vs. 14.0 [8.1] hours, p = 0.028) and the parasite clearance time (16.5 [6.4] vs. 21.7 [11.3] hours, p = 0.007) were significantly shorter in the artesunate-treated patients. In comatose patients, there was no difference between the two groups in coma resolution time. Following quinine infusion, ten patients developed tinnitus (p < 0.001), and four had hypoglycemia (p = 0.033). Tinnitus and hypoglycemia were not detected in the artesunate group. One patient in the artesunate group died. Conclusions: Artesunate is more effective than quinine, in term of parasite and fever clearance time, in the treatment of P. falciparum malaria in eastern Sudan. The study found no difference between artesunate and quinine in coma resolution time.

show abstract

“…RDTs have been recommended by the WHO as a convenient visual way of diagnosing malaria [17]. A study in Sudan by Osman et al, [18] showed that the RDTs they used produced a relatively high number of false positive samples. The RDT was compared to PCR and an agreement of only 81.2 and k = 0.48 (sensitivity 69%, speci city 84%) was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Immunochromatographic Test Strip Versus A Commercial Rapid Diagnostic Test for the Detection of Imported Plasmodium Species in Guangxi Province, China: A Comparative Evaluation

Lin

Wang

Kassegne

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: China has made significant progress towards malaria elimination by achieving zero reports of indigenous malaria cases over two consecutive years. The diagnosis of malaria, which is based on microscopic examination, still remains a challenge, due to a lack of sensitivity for detecting low-level parasitaemia. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of a novel immunochromatographic test strip for imported malaria. Methods: After obtaining informed consent, blood samples were collected from migrants returning home from Africa to Shanglin County in Guangxi, PR China, in 2018-2019, and were tested with the novel test strips. The test results were compared with those of microscopic examination, commercial malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: A total of 535 samples were tested. Both microscopy and PCR test results showed a total of 162 (30.28%) malaria-positive samples, of which 99 were positive for Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum), three for P. vivax, five for P. malariae, and 50 for P. ovale, whereas five had mixed infections. The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the novel RDT were 74.1%, 93.0%, and 87.3%, respectively, whereas its sensitivity of detecting P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale was 91.9%, 100%, 20.0%, and 44.0%, respectively. Furthermore, the sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the commercial RDT were 86.0%, 89.3%, and 88.2%, respectively, whereas its sensitivity of detecting P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale was 96.0%, 100%, 40.0%, and 70.0% respectively. The differential detection of Plasmodium species using the new RDT was significantly better compared to that of the commercial RDT (c2 = 14.73; P = 0.0001), which can detect only P. falciparum. This was consistent with Kappa analysis (Kappa = 0.881). A significant difference (c2 = 24.50; P < 0.0001) in the detection rate of other Plasmodium species was observed with an average consistency using Kappa analysis (Kappa = 0.716). Conclusion: The novel malaria RDT test strip had high sensitivity and specificity in detecting P. falciparum and P. vivax. Improvement in P. ovale and P. malariae detection efficiency may lead to the scale-up of this RDT in the future.

show abstract

Informed decision making before changing to RDT: a comparison of microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic Test and molecular techniques for the Diagnosis and Identification of Malaria Parasites in Kassala Eastern Sudan

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of <i>Plasmodium</i> Parasites in Kano, Nigeria

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of <i>Plasmodium</i> Parasites in Kano, Nigeria

Comparison of artesunate and quinine in the treatment of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria at Kassala hospital, Sudan

A Novel Immunochromatographic Test Strip Versus A Commercial Rapid Diagnostic Test for the Detection of Imported Plasmodium Species in Guangxi Province, China: A Comparative Evaluation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Informed decision making before changing to RDT: a comparison of microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic Test and molecular techniques for the Diagnosis and Identification of Malaria Parasites in Kassala Eastern Sudan

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of &lt;i&gt;Plasmodium&lt;/i&gt; Parasites in Kano, Nigeria

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of &lt;i&gt;Plasmodium&lt;/i&gt; Parasites in Kano, Nigeria

Comparison of artesunate and quinine in the treatment of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria at Kassala hospital, Sudan

A Novel Immunochromatographic Test Strip Versus A Commercial Rapid Diagnostic Test for the Detection of Imported Plasmodium Species in Guangxi Province, China: A Comparative Evaluation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of <i>Plasmodium</i> Parasites in Kano, Nigeria

Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of <i>Plasmodium</i> Parasites in Kano, Nigeria