Models of human dimensions of fisheries are important to understanding and predicting how fishing industries respond to changes in marine ecosystems and management institutions. Advances in computation have made it possible to construct agent-based models (ABMs)-which explicitly describe the behaviour of individual people, firms or vessels in order to understand and predict their aggregate behaviours. ABMs are widely used for both academic and applied purposes in many settings including finance, urban planning and the military, but are not yet mainstream in fisheries science and management, despite a growing literature. ABMs are well suited to understanding emergent consequences of fisher interactions, heterogeneity and bounded rationality, especially in complex ecological, social and institutional contexts. For these reasons, we argue that ABMs of human behaviour can contribute significantly to human dimensions of fisheries in three areas: (a) understanding interactions between multiple management institutions; (b) incorporating cognitive and | 571 BURGESS Et al. 7 ABM CHALLENGES 579 7.1 Scope 579 7.2 Calibration and validation 579 7.3 Balancing realism and complexity 578 7.4 Resource and time investment 578 7.5 Documentation and reproducibility 578 8 CONCLUSION: FROM STRATEGIC TO TACTICAL ABMS 581 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 581 DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 581 REFERENCES 581 APPENDIX 1 586