Informal employment, unpaid care work, and health status in Spanish-speaking Central American countries: a gender-based approach

López-Ruiz, María; Benavides, Fernando G.; Vives, Alejandra; Artazcoz, Lucı́a

doi:10.1007/s00038-016-0871-3

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It is likely that factors leading to working in several jobs or longer hours are non-mutually exclusive. As already suggested for working hours, the choice (voluntary or forced) may be a relevant factor shaping the relationship between multiple job holding and health 6,34,35 . Several studies have observed that long working hours could not fully explain the higher risk of injuries and less sleep of workers with multiple job holding 8,9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Joint effect of paid working hours and multiple job holding on work absence due to health problems among basic education teachers in Brazil: the Educatel Study

et al. 2019

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The objectives were to assess the joint effect of working hours paid per week and multiple job holding on sickness absence, by sex, among basic education teachers in Brazil. This study is based on a survey carried out over a representative sample of 5,116 active basic education teachers in Brazil between 2015 and 2016 (Educatel Study). We created a dummy variable to assess the joint effect of weekly paid working hours [standard (35-40 hours); part-time (< 35 hours); moderately long (41-50 hours); and very long (> 50 hours)] and multiple job holding (working in several schools - no/yes). Working 35-40 hours in one school was the reference category. We conducted Poisson regression models with robust variance to obtain prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of the association with self-certified sickness absence and medically certified sickness absence. Models were adjusted for age, type of contract and salary, and stratified by sex. Significant associations with sickness absence were only found among teachers working in more than one school. Associations with self-certified sickness absence were found among women with standard and men with moderately long working hours, and for both women and men working > 50 hours (PR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.09-1.35; PR: 1.40, 95%CI: 1.18-1.66; respectively). Associations with medically certified sickness absence were found among teachers working > 50 hours, among women (PR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.03-1.63) and men (PR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.04-1.92). Teachers working longer hours in several schools could be suffering health problems, deriving in work absence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Joint effect of paid working hours and multiple job holding on work absence due to health problems among basic education teachers in Brazil: the Educatel Study

et al. 2019

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“…Sin embargo, estudios prospectivos más recientes muestran que el CEF predice una mala salud autopercibida, sólo en el caso de las mujeres (Leineweber et al, 2012). Otros estudios han observado que las mujeres tienen una mayor probabilidad, en relación a los hombres, de presentar peores indicadores de salud mental (incluyendo cansancio emocional, ansiedad y depresión) (Leineweber et al, 2012;Magnusson Hanson et al, 2013), dolores de cabeza y problemas musculoesqueléticos (Griep et al, 2016;Hämmig et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Tampoco fue posible analizar varios factores de la esfera familiar, tales como: el conflicto de rol, la ambigüedad de rol, la sobrecarga de trabajo, el apoyo familiar y el apoyo de la pareja, que en anteriores estudios han mostrado estar asociados con el CEF (Michel et al, 2011). Finalmente, hay que tener en cuenta que, debido a las características de la población objeto de la encuesta, este estudio no incluyó a las personas con empleos informales, que generalmente tienen peor estado de salud y peores condiciones de trabajo, así como de empleo que quienes tienen arreglos formales (Ludermir;Lewis, 2003). Al mismo tiempo, se ha identificado que la informalidad interacciona con los trabajos no remunerados de cuidados (claramente relacionados con el CEF), generando importantes desigualdades de género en la salud (López-Ruiz et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Conflicto empleo-familia y autopercepción de la salud desde una perspectiva de género

et al. 2020

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Resumen El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las desigualdades de género en la relación del conflicto empleo familia (CEF) con el estado de salud de la población trabajadora de Quito y Guayaquil. Se trata de un estudio transversal de una muestra representativa de la población trabajadora no agrícola, con edad igual o mayor a 18 años y afiliada a la seguridad social, que fue entrevistada entre 2016-2017 en la I Encuesta sobre Condiciones de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo de Quito y Guayaquil (n=1729). Se emplearon modelos de regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta, separados por sexo, para calcular las razones de prevalencia ajustadas de seis indicadores de salud. En ambos sexos, el CEF se asoció con mala salud autopercibida, mala salud mental, dolor o molestias de cabeza y de espalda, aunque la magnitud de asociación fue mayor en las mujeres. Además, en las mujeres el CEF se asoció con problemas digestivos (RPa=1,65; IC 95%: 1,17-2,34). En ninguno de los dos sexos se observó asociación entre el CEF y los accidentes de trabajo. Los resultados del presente estudio muestran que el CEF se asocia con malas condiciones de salud en la población trabajadora, particularmente en las mujeres. Las políticas públicas e intervenciones en los centros de trabajo dirigidas a alcanzar un equilibrio entre el empleo y la vida familiar desde una perspectiva de género podrían resultar en una reducción en los daños a la salud y en las desigualdades de género en salud.

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“…Informal employment characterises the lives of most working women, especially in the Global South: see Ghosh (2015) for India and Lopez-Ruiz et al (2017) for Central America. Women's need to control their participation in local non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and other forest-related markets needs to be addressed (Section 5.6 discusses women's participation in markets).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SDG 5: Gender Equality – A Precondition for Sustainable Forestry

Arora‐Jonsson¹,

Agarwal²,

Colfer³

et al. 2019

Sustainable Development Goals: Their Impacts on Forests and People

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Key Points• Forestry cannot be thought of in isolation from its relations with other sectors and other parts of people's lives -for both the health of the forests and the well-being of forest peoples.• Forest governance and everyday management are upheld by a superstructure of gendered forest relations -invisible to mainstream forestry -that often disadvantages women as a social group.• Well-intentioned gender programmes can backfire, causing adverse effects on forests and forest peoples, if the efforts are not cognisant of context and power relations.

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Informal employment, unpaid care work, and health status in Spanish-speaking Central American countries: a gender-based approach

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Joint effect of paid working hours and multiple job holding on work absence due to health problems among basic education teachers in Brazil: the Educatel Study

Joint effect of paid working hours and multiple job holding on work absence due to health problems among basic education teachers in Brazil: the Educatel Study

Conflicto empleo-familia y autopercepción de la salud desde una perspectiva de género

SDG 5: Gender Equality – A Precondition for Sustainable Forestry

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