Influenza virus vaccination of patients with multiple sclerosis

Mokhtarian, Foroozan; Shirazian, Djamshid; Morgante, Linda; Miller, A.; Grob, David; Lichstein, Edgar

doi:10.1177/135245859700300405

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, De Keyser et al have shown that influenza infection increases relapse risk whereas patients vaccinated against influenza had a lower risk of relapse (24). Many, but not all, studies have shown that influenza vaccination inhibits relapse (35). Thus, these data suggest that influenza infection may promote exacerbation of MS symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influenza infection triggers disease in a genetic model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Blackmore

Hernandez

Juda

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Most MS patients experience periods of symptom exacerbation (relapses) followed by periods of partial recovery (remission). Interestingly, upper-respiratory viral infections increase the risk for relapse. Here, we used an autoimmune-prone T-cell receptor transgenic mouse (2D2) and a mouse-adapted human influenza virus to test the hypothesis that upper-respiratory viral infection can cause glial activation, promote immune cell trafficking to the CNS, and trigger disease. Specifically, we inoculated 2D2 mice with influenza A virus (Puerto Rico/8/34; PR8) and then monitored them for symptoms of inflammatory demyelination. Clinical and histological experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was observed in ∼29% of infected 2D2 mice. To further understand how peripheral infection could contribute to disease onset, we inoculated wild-type C57BL/6 mice and measured transcriptomic alterations occurring in the cerebellum and spinal cord and monitored immune cell surveillance of the CNS by flow cytometry. Infection caused temporal alterations in the transcriptome of both the cerebellum and spinal cord that was consistent with glial activation and increased T-cell, monocyte, and neutrophil trafficking to the brain at day 8 post infection. Finally, Cxcl5 expression was up-regulated in the brains of influenza-infected mice and was elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients during relapse compared with specimens acquired during remission. Collectively, these data identify a mechanism by which peripheral infection may exacerbate MS as well as other neurological diseases.upper-respiratory viral infection | multiple sclerosis | neuroinflammation | immune cell surveillance | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influenza infection triggers disease in a genetic model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Blackmore

Hernandez

Juda

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is of interest that T cells from multiple sclerosis patients reportedly produce less TGF-␤1 in culture than do T cells from normal individuals (54). We propose that the genetic engineering of self-reactive T cells with latent TGF-␤ may represent a clinically viable approach to the treatment of autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene therapy in allergic encephalomyelitis using myelin basic protein-specific T cells engineered to express latent transforming growth factor-β1

Chen

Hochwald

Huang

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific BALB͞c T helper 1 (Th1) clone was transduced with cDNA for murine latent transforming growth factor-␤1 (TGF-␤1) by coculture with fibroblasts producing a genetically engineered retrovirus. When SJL x BALB͞c F1 mice, immunized 12-15 days earlier with proteolipid protein in complete Freund's adjuvant, were injected with 3 ؋ 10 6 cells from MBP-activated untransduced cloned Th1 cells, the severity of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) was slightly increased. In contrast, MBP-activated (but not resting) latent TGF-␤1-transduced T cells significantly delayed and ameliorated EAE development. This protective effect was negated by simultaneously injected anti-TGF-␤1. The transduced cells secreted 2-4 ng͞ml of latent TGF-␤1 into their culture medium, whereas control cells secreted barely detectable amounts. mRNA profiles for tumor necrosis factor, lymphotoxin, and interferon-␥ were similar before and after transduction; interleukin-4 and -10 were absent. TGF-␤1-transduced and antigen-activated BALB͞c Th1 clones, specific for hemocyanin or ovalbumin, did not ameliorate EAE. Spinal cords from mice, taken 12 days after receiving TGF-␤1-transduced, antigen-activated cells, contained detectable amounts of TGF-␤1 cDNA. We conclude that latent TGF-␤1-transduced, selfreactive T cell clones may be useful in the therapy of autoimmune diseases.

show abstract

“…Three randomized, placebo-controlled trials (Class I, Class II evidence), [20][21][22] one casecrossover (Class III evidence), 19 and seven cohort studies (Class II, Class IV evidence) 10,11,[23][24][25][26][27][28] were identified (see table 2). For each of the three randomized, controlled trials, the rate difference for early MS exacerbation (3 to 4 weeks after vaccine/placebo), for late exacerbation (4 to 6 months after vaccine/ placebo), and for occurrence of influenza was estimated and combined in a meta-analysis (figure).…”

Section: Does Vaccination Increase the Risk Of Exacerbations Of Ms Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,17,20,21 Two randomized controlled trials on influenza vaccine reported influenza episodes during a 6-month follow-up after immunization (see table 2). None of these studies reported data regarding antibody response to vaccine.…”

Section: Are Vaccines As Effective In Patients With Ms As In the Genementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Immunization and MS [RETIRED]

Rutschmann¹,

McCrory²,

Matchar³

2002

Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Objective:To review the risk of MS exacerbations after infectious episodes potentially preventable by vaccination, and the risks and benefits of immunizing patients with MS. Methods: The authors searched MEDLINE (1966 to January 2001; U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD), HealthSTAR, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) database (Cinahl Information Systems, Glendale, CA) for English-language articles. Each study was summarized and rated for quality of evidence. Then feasible data were pooled and analyzed in metaanalysis. Results: The risk of contracting common infectious diseases in patients with MS is not well established. There is strong evidence for an increased risk of MS exacerbations during weeks around an infectious episode. There is strong evidence against an increased risk of MS exacerbation after influenza immunization. There is no evidence that hepatitis B, varicella, tetanus, or Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccines increase the risk of MS exacerbations. Insufficient evidence was found for other vaccines. Conclusions: Evidence supports 1) strategies to minimize the risk of acquiring infectious diseases that may trigger exacerbations of MS; and 2) the safety of using influenza, hepatitis B, varicella, tetanus, and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccines in patients with MS. NEUROLOGY 2002;59:1837-1843 Although the direct or the indirect pathogenic role of numerous infectious agents is debated, 1,2 there is evidence that MS exacerbations occur around infectious episodes, which could potentially be prevented by vaccination. 3,4 However, there are concerns about the safety of immunization in patients with MS, particularly about the risk of relapses after vaccination. To address these concerns, the MS Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines commissioned a systematic review to obtain background for guidelines on immunization and convened an expert panel to establish guidelines. This systematic review has three objectives. First, we aim to provide the information on the need to vaccinate patients with MS by evaluating the risk of MS exacerbation after potentially preventable infections. Second, we review the available evidence on safety and efficacy of vaccines in patients with MS. Finally, we provide an overview of the guidelines for vaccinating patients with MS. Two topic questions were formulated to address the need to vaccinate patients with MS: 1) Are vaccine-preventable infectious diseases more frequent in patients with MS than in the general population? 2) Do vaccine-preventable infectious diseases increase the risk of MS exacerbations?Two other topic questions addressed the risks and the benefits of immunizing patients with MS: 3) Does vaccination increase the risk of exacerbations of MS, and is there a difference in this risk between live attenuated and inactivated vaccines? 4) Are vaccines as effective in patients with MS as in the general population?Search strategy and inclusion process. We reviewed English language MEDLINE (from 1966 to

show abstract

Influenza virus vaccination of patients with multiple sclerosis

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Influenza infection triggers disease in a genetic model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Influenza infection triggers disease in a genetic model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Gene therapy in allergic encephalomyelitis using myelin basic protein-specific T cells engineered to express latent transforming growth factor-β1

Immunization and MS [RETIRED]

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About