Influenza Immunization in Pregnancy — Antibody Responses in Mothers and Infants

Abstract

T h e ne w e ngl a nd jou r na l o f m e dic i ne n engl j med 362;17 nejm.org april 29, 2010 1644 Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. Khat (qat): assess-1. ment of risk to the individual and communities in the UK. London: British Home Office, 2005. Al-Habori M. The potential adverse effects of habitual use of 2. Catha edulis (khat). Expert Opin Drug Saf 2005;4:1145-54. Al-Motarreb A, Briancon S, Al-Jaber N, et al. Khat chewing is 3. a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:574-81. Al-Habori M, Al-Aghbari A, Al-Mamary M, Baker M. Toxico-4. logical evaluation of Catha edulis leaves: a long term feeding experiment in animals. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;83:209-17. Jones AL, Simpson KJ. Mechanisms and management of 5. hepatitis in ecstasy (MDMA) and amphetamine intoxication. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13:129-33.* Vaccinees were maternal recipients of the influenza vaccine, or their infants; results are presented for each vaccine type individually. Controls were mothers who received the control vaccine or their infants. Immunization occurred during the third trimester. Titers for infants at birth were measured in cord-serum samples. For all vaccine subtypes, the geometric mean titer was significantly lower in controls than in vaccinees (P<0.001) at delivery, birth, 10 weeks, and 20 to 26 weeks, unless otherwise indicated. CI denotes confidence interval. † The antibody titer for A/New Caledonia (H1N1) was greater among controls than among vaccinees (P = 0.03). ‡ The antibody titer for B/Hong Kong did not differ significantly between controls and vaccinees (P = 0.05).

2012/13 influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalised influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B: estimates from a European network of hospitals

“…[31][32][33][34] [38] among pregnant vaccine recipients. Earlier analyses conducted comparing antibody responses among pregnant versus non-pregnant women in the US found no significant differences, indicating that pregnant women do not respond differently to vaccine from non-pregnant women.…”

Konzepte, Wirksamkeit und Perspektiven pandemischer und nichtpandemischer Influenzaimpfungen

“…Diese Ziele können über den direkten Schutz der geimpften Personen und auch über den indirekten Schutz von Ungeimpften erreicht werden, da Letztere durch eine im Rahmen der Impfung erzeugte Herdenimmunität weniger mit dem Erreger in Kontakt kommen [4] bzw. wenn es bei der Impfung Schwangerer zu einer Übertragung maternaler Antikörpern auf das Kind kommt [5]. Die Impfung kann insofern einerseits dem Schutz der geimpften Personen und andererseits der Verhinderung einer Transmission des Erregers auf vulnerable Kontaktpersonen dienen, einschließlich solcher Personen, die nicht unmittelbar durch Impfung geschützt werden können.…”

“…Schwangere, für die die Impfung seit 2010 in Deutschland empfohlen ist [6], zeigen nach TIV-Impfung ein vergleichbar gutes immunologisches Ansprechen wie andere gesunde Erwachsene, und es gibt keine Hinweise darauf, dass die Impfung eine verminderte klinische Schutzwirkung entfaltet [5]. Limitierte Daten aus einem RCT weisen auf eine klinische Wirksamkeit sowohl bei den Müttern als auch bei den Neugeborenen hin [34].…”

Influenza immunization during pregnancy: Benefits for mother and infant

“…Maternal influenza immunization reduced influenza infection in their infants by 63% during the first 6 months of life. [60][61][62] Influenza antibody levels in the neonates declined to baseline by 6 months of age, with an estimated half-life of maternally-acquired antibody of 42-50 days. 60 Vaccinated mothers also had significantly higher influenza-specific IgA levels in their breast milk out to 6 months post-partum.…”