Influenza

Malainou, C.; Herold, Susanne

doi:10.1007/s00108-019-00670-6

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The radiological examinations, including chest X ray (CXR) and chest computed tomography (CT) scan, are important for early detection and treatment of COVID-19 [10]. The imaging findings of COVID-19 pneumonia mimic influenza, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV pneumonia [11][12][13][14][15]. The primary Wuhan study revealed that upon diagnosis, 74 [75%] patients showed bilateral pneumonia, and the remaining 25 [25%] patients showed unilateral pneumonia.…”

Section: Radiological Features Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of SARS-CoV-2 and the Ongoing Clinical Trials

Chien

Yarmishyn

et al. 2020

IJMS

610

697

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The sudden outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, later named SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, which rapidly grew into a global pandemic, marked the third introduction of a virulent coronavirus into the human society, affecting not only the healthcare system, but also the global economy. Although our understanding of coronaviruses has undergone a huge leap after two precedents, the effective approaches to treatment and epidemiological control are still lacking. In this article, we present a succinct overview of the epidemiology, clinical features, and molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2. We summarize the current epidemiological and clinical data from the initial Wuhan studies, and emphasize several features of SARS-CoV-2, which differentiate it from SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), such as high variability of disease presentation. We systematize the current clinical trials that have been rapidly initiated after the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. Whereas the trials on SARS-CoV-2 genome-based specific vaccines and therapeutic antibodies are currently being tested, this solution is more long-term, as they require thorough testing of their safety. On the other hand, the repurposing of the existing therapeutic agents previously designed for other virus infections and pathologies happens to be the only practical approach as a rapid response measure to the emergent pandemic, as most of these agents have already been tested for their safety. These agents can be divided into two broad categories, those that can directly target the virus replication cycle, and those based on immunotherapy approaches either aimed to boost innate antiviral immune responses or alleviate damage induced by dysregulated inflammatory responses. The initial clinical studies revealed the promising therapeutic potential of several of such drugs, including favipiravir, a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that interferes with the viral replication, and hydroxychloroquine, the repurposed antimalarial drug that interferes with the virus endosomal entry pathway. We speculate that the current pandemic emergency will be a trigger for more systematic drug repurposing design approaches based on big data analysis.

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Section: Radiological Features Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of SARS-CoV-2 and the Ongoing Clinical Trials

Chien

Yarmishyn

et al. 2020

IJMS

610

697

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The disease is studied in four stages, as are early, progressive, peak and absorption (Pan and Ye 2020), and CT findings prove to be useful in determining the severity of the disease, as in most ICU patients developing severe pneumonia (Chen et al 2020b;Huang et al 2020b;Wang et al 2020), bilateral multiple lobular and subsegmental consolidation, and in non-ICU patients, bilateral ground-glass opacity (GGOs) and subsegmental consolidation have been observed (Huang et al 2020b). It is noteworthy that COVID-19-induced pneumonia should be differentiated from Streptococcus pneumonia, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia-related pneumonia, and other coronavirus infections (de Wit et al 2016;Malainou and Herold 2019).…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taming of Covid-19: potential and emerging application of mesenchymal stem cells

et al. 2021

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has turned out to cause a pandemic, with a sky scraping mortality. The virus is thought to cause tissue injury by affecting the reninangiotensin system. Also, the role of the overactivated immune system is noteworthy, leading to severe tissue injury via the cytokine storms. Thus it would be feasible to modulate the immune system response in order to attenuate the disease severity, as well as treating the patients. Today different medicines are being administered to the patients, but regardless of the efficacy of these treatments, adverse effects are pretty probable. Meanwhile, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) prove to be an effective candidate for treating the patients suffering from COVID-19 pneumonia, owing to their immunomodulatory and tissue-regenerative potentials. So far, several experiments have been conducted; transplanting MSCs and results are satisfying with no adverse effects being reported. This paper aims to review the recent findings regarding the novel coronavirus and the conducted experiments to treat patients suffering from COVID-19 pneumonia utilizing MSCs.

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“… 19 The imaging findings for COVID-19 pneumonia are similar to those for influenza, SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pneumonia. 20 – 24 CXR for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia may show bilateral, peripheral, and patchy opacities. Although CXR is not sensitive for the detection ground-glass opacity (GGO) in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia, 19 bilateral multiple consolidation can be identified in severely ill patients.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristics Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of coronavirus disease 2019: Treatment updates and advances

Luo

Chiu

Weng

et al. 2020

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association

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In late December 2019, several cases of pneumonia with unknown cause were reported in Wuhan, China, and this new type of pneumonia spread rapidly to across provinces during the subsequent weeks. The pathogen was identified quickly and was named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The infectious disease caused by this virus is referred to as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Within months, it has caused a global pandemic and posed a major threat to public health worldwide. As of May 23, 2020, 5 252 452 patients have been confirmed to have the disease, and 339 026 deaths have been reported. Multiple therapeutic trials are ongoing, and some promising results have been released. A vaccine would provide the most effective approach to fight the virus by preventing infection, but none are currently available. To control the COVID-19 outbreak, large-scale measures have been applied to reduce human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Susceptible populations, including older adults, children, and healthcare providers, warrant particular attention to avoid transmission and infection. This review introduces current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection and treatment strategies, emphasizing the relevant challenges associated with prevention, diagnosis, and management.

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Influenza

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

A Review of SARS-CoV-2 and the Ongoing Clinical Trials

A Review of SARS-CoV-2 and the Ongoing Clinical Trials

Taming of Covid-19: potential and emerging application of mesenchymal stem cells

Overview of coronavirus disease 2019: Treatment updates and advances

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