Influences of genotype and location interactions on oil, fatty acids and agronomical properties of groundnuts

Abstract

An enhanced adaptation to specific environmental conditions could provide higher seed quality and quantity from groundnuts. In this investigation, nine groundnut genotypes and two controls were evaluated for morphological and oil traits in two different Mediterranean locations. The traits of shelling percentage and pod yield indicated significant differences among the genotypes. The highest pod yield was observed for ACG 154 from the subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea and ACG 107 from the subsp. fastigiata var. vulgaris in the locations of Adana and Antalya, respectively. The genotype ACG 154 also had about 60 g of 100-seed weight, which is desirable for commercial production as a Runner commercial type. Significant differences were recorded for oil yield, palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids in both locations among the genotypes studied. The groundnut genotypes were further evaluated with allele-specific PCR markers for possible SNP mutations in the ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B genes for high-oleic mutants. ACG 14, ACG 154 and ACG 156 had the mutant ahFAD2A allele, while no ahFAD2B allele mutation was found. The statistical model GGE bi-plot was used to identify the ideal and representative location for each genotype according to pod yield performance. The genotypes ACG 107 and ACG 116 presented the highest oil yield and were relatively stable across locations. Therefore, they should be evaluated as candidates for cultivar releases in the two studied climatic areas. In addition, the selected desirable genotypes in this study can be used as parents in hybridization programs to develop populations for future releases.

CHARACTERIZATION OF PEANUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) GERMPLASM FOR MORPHOLOGICAL AND QUALITY TRAITS IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT

“…The 100-seed weight was the highest in genotype Golden. Indeed, the seed size of Golden genotype is bold as compared with other genotypes (Naeem-ud-Din et al, 2009;Yol and Uzun, 2018) which eventually enhanced the 100-seed weight in this study.…”

“…Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important kharif oilseed crop which has an oil content of~50%, and its seeds also contain surplus quantities of iron and vitamins A and B (Prasad et al, 2010;Arioglu et al, 2018;Dragičević et al, 2018;Yol and Uzun, 2018). Now a day, peanut is cultivated in more than 40 countries including United States of America, China, Mayanmar, Argentina, India, Brazil, Pakistan, Sudan, Nigeria, Indonesia and Senegal being the top producers of peanut in the world.…”

Development of EMS-induced Mutagenized Groundnut Population and Discovery of Point Mutations in the <i>ahFAD2</i> and <i>Ara h 1</i> Genes by TILLING

“…hypogaea var. hypogaea) used in this study had this spontaneous mutation 52) which was frequent among subspecies hypogaea accessions 67) . A new mutation was therefore identified at position 861 causing glycine to aspartic acid transition in the present investigation.…”

“…hypogaea. It has good agronomic traits such as large pods, high yielding and shelling percentage 52) . The seeds of this cultivar were obtained from the West Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute of Turkey.…”

Effects of irrigation intervals and irrigation levels on oil content and fatty acid composition of peanut cultivars

“…Yol et al (2017) reported the oil content of peanut genetic materials as between 31.7 -57.0%, oleic acid contents as between 35.3 -60.9% and linoleic acid contents as between 16.1 -43.6%. Greater adaptation to certain environmental conditions may contribute to high seed yield and quality of peanuts (Yol and Uzun, 2018). Growing techniques greatly influence oil content and fatty acid composition.…”