Influences of Environmental Conditions to Phytoconstituents in Clitoria ternatea (Butterfly Pea Flower) – A Review

Jamil, Nadzirah; Zairi, Mohd Naqiuddin Mohd; Nasim, N A Mohd; Pa’ee, Furzani

doi:10.30880/jst.2018.10.02.029

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Further, anthocyanin prevents diabetes, protects the cardiovascular system from damage, and many more health benefits (13) . Moreover, research findings suggested that anthocyanin helps in protecting the cell as an anti-aging agent, protects cell damage, and promoting healthy eyes (14) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea): A natural colorant for soft candy (Gummy Candy)

ez¹,

Banwa²

2021

IJST

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Background/Objectives: The utilization of natural colorant can improve food appeal. This study determined the potential of Clitoria ternatea flower extract as a substitute for synthetic colorants. Methods: The researchers prepared gummy candies using 100mL aqueous extracts from various weight samples of C. ternatea flowers. Fifty candy eaters with different age brackets were randomly chosen as respondents of this study. The respondents evaluated through the sensorial method the different treatments in terms of taste, texture, color, smell, appearance, and overall palatability using a nine-point scale hedonic scale. The researchers compared the age brackets using the analysis of variance. Findings: Results showed that aqueous extract of Treatment 3 (30 grams) has the highest total weighted average mean (TAWM) of 7.78 level of acceptability with a "Like Very Much" description, followed by the TAWM of 6.57 of Treatment 4 (40 grams) with "Moderately Like" description. In comparison, Treatment 1 (10 grams) has the lowest TAWM of 2.97 with a description of "Dislike Moderately." The high level of acceptability implies that C. ternatea flower aqueous extract improves the color and appearance of the gummy candies. This study further shows no significant difference in acceptability among the respondents when grouped into age brackets. The researchers conclude that the aqueous flower extract of 30g C. ternatea improved the color and appearance of the gummy candies. Furthermore, it could be accepted by the candy consuming public of various ages. Novelty/Applications (30): The utilization of C. ternatea flower aqueous extract as a colorant improves the acceptability of commercial gummy candies. The use of alternative safe, natural colorants promotes healthy living and sustainable candy production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural dye from C. ternatea could be a coloring agent for making products (14) . In countries like China and Malaysia, people used C. ternatea flowers for making blue colored tea and blue rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea): A natural colorant for soft candy (Gummy Candy)

ez¹,

Banwa²

2021

IJST

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“…In this research, CT flower extract was used as the stabilizing agent in producing Ag NPs. It contains high amount of anthocyanin pigments compare to other flowers which is the main components in the green synthesis process [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Nanoparticles Loaded Activated Carbon Synthesis Using Clitorea Ternatea Extract for Crystal Violet Dye Removal

Mokhtar

Ali

Isa

2021

JRNN

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Dyes are coloured compound which are widely used in textile, painting, rubber, cosmetics, plastics and leather industry to colour their products. However, the irresponsibility of certain manufacturer results in producing dye waste and channel it to water resources had become one of the biggest challenges in water pollution. In this study, an effective solid adsorbent derived from sustainable sources for adsorption capacity study was produced which is silver nanoparticles loaded activated carbon (Ag NPs – AC) to remove crystal violet (CV) dye. Adsorption process are cost – effective, simple and flexible with various dye pollutants. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was synthesized from Clitorea Ternatea flower extract that utilizes functions as stabilizing agents for silver nitrate (AgNO3) to promotes environmental friendly with no toxic chemicals produced and loaded in activated carbon (AC). Characterization of Ag NPs was analysed using UV-Visible which correspond to peak at 408 nm and XRD analysis. Four peaks values for silver at 2θ of 38.19°, 44.43°, 64.57°, 77.43° and average crystallite size of Ag NPs and Ag NPs – AC were calculated to be 16.11 nm and 36.13 nm respectively that were obtained from XRD pattern. The adsorption capacity of Ag NPs – AC was analysed and the optimum conditions were determined using different parameters which are the Ag NPs - AC ratio (1.0 g), contact time (240 min), adsorbent dosage (30 mg) and pH of CV dye (10). The highest percentage removal of CV dye using Ag NPs – AC was recorded up to 97% at 240 min with 30 mg dosage. Ag NPs – AC as adsorbent is a promising advanced materials in removing water pollutants with viable conditions and can applied in the wastewater treatment industry.

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“…C. ternatea flowers contain phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, saponins, alkaloids, and anthocyanidins (Kaisoon et al, 2011;Nair et al, 2015). The bioactive compounds of these flowers are however very sensitive to various changes in the environment (Pa'ee et al, 2018). In order to retain bioactive compounds, encapsulation technologies are introduced to provide maximum protection for encapsulated bioactive compounds (Talegaonkar et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the different encapsulation methods on the physicochemical and biological properties of Clitoria ternatea flowers microencapsulated in gelatine

Liew¹,

Zin²,

Maidin³

et al. 2020

Food Res.

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Clitoria ternatea flowers are known as butterfly pea flowers which contain many bioactive compounds and can be found in tropical countries. However, the bioactive compounds are easily lost when exposed to various environmental conditions. Encapsulation technologies are introduced to provide maximum protection to the encapsulated bioactive compounds. The main objectives of this study were to determine the physicochemical properties of C. ternatea flowers encapsulated in gelatine prepared using different encapsulating methods and the microbiological properties of the best encapsulating methods for C. ternatea flowers with gelatine. In this study, the moisture contents for ultrasonic spray dried powders recorded the lowest (5.94±0.44%) while samples of convection oven recorded the highest (14.33±1.30%). However, the ultrasonic spray dried powders demonstrated the highest total flavonoid contents, but convection oven dried powders showed the lowest. The results for total anthocyanin contents were similar to total flavonoid contents. The highest encapsulation efficiency based on anthocyanin contents was found in freeze dried powders (95.75±0.24%). These results showed the same antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) with the highest percentage inhibition of freeze dried powders and the lowest percentage inhibition of ultrasonic spray dried powders. The phytochemical functional group that revealed from Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis also indicate the presence of high amount of phenolic compounds in freeze dried powders although with ‘collapse building’ shape with fibrillary structure. The freeze dried powder showed the highest L* value (45.62±0.54), yet ultrasonic spray dried powders highest a*, b* and C* value. Thus, the analysis for microbial properties was carried out on freeze dried powders as freeze dryer was chosen as the best encapsulating methods. The freeze dried powders showed inhibition against gram positive and gram negative bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica and fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The current study demonstrated the potential of using gelatine to encapsulate technique to retain antioxidant compounds in gelatine encapsulated C. ternatea flowers. This finding provides useful information on the use of different encapsulated methods for the development of functional food products for gelatine encapsulated flowers of C. ternatea.

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Influences of Environmental Conditions to Phytoconstituents in Clitoria ternatea (Butterfly Pea Flower) – A Review

Cited by 31 publications

References 65 publications

Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea): A natural colorant for soft candy (Gummy Candy)

Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea): A natural colorant for soft candy (Gummy Candy)

Silver Nanoparticles Loaded Activated Carbon Synthesis Using Clitorea Ternatea Extract for Crystal Violet Dye Removal

Effect of the different encapsulation methods on the physicochemical and biological properties of Clitoria ternatea flowers microencapsulated in gelatine

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