Influences from solvents on charge storage in titanium carbide MXenes

Wang, Xuehang; Mathis, Tyler S.; Li, Ké; Lin, Zifeng; Vlček, Lukáš; Torita, Takeshi; Osti, Naresh C.; Hatter, Christine B.; Urbankowski, Patrick; Sarycheva, Asia; Tyagi, Madhusudan; Mamontov, Eugene; Simon, Patrice; Gogotsi, Yury

doi:10.1038/s41560-019-0339-9

Cited by 384 publications

(372 citation statements)

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“…The stabilityw indowsa re larger than 1V ,w hich is suitable for aqueous supercapacitor materials. [22] Interestingly,T i 3 C 2 T x in 4 m MSA presentst he sharpest redox peaks among all electrolytes tested to date, resulting in an electrochemical behavior that is closer to that of batteries than electrochemical double layer capacitors (i.e.,t he conventional type of supercapacitors). However,t his is not surprising as it was previously reported that MXenes can undergo redox reactions and exhibit pseudocapacitive behaviors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference might come from an effect of the solvation shell, similarly to the one recently reported for Ti 3 C 2 T x in lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. [22] Interestingly,T i 3 C 2 T x in 4 m MSA presentst he sharpest redox peaks among all electrolytes tested to date, resulting in an electrochemical behavior that is closer to that of batteries than electrochemical double layer capacitors (i.e.,t he conventional type of supercapacitors). Figure 1e summarizes the specific capacitances obtained in each concentration of MSA at different scan rates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Behavior of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte

et al. 2019

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Two‐dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, called MXenes, have gained much attention as electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage devices. In particular, Ti3C2Tx has shown outstanding performance in common sulfuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyte. In this work, a more environmentally friendly alternative acidic electrolyte, methanesulfonic acid (MSA), is proposed. The energy storage performance of Ti3C2Tx in aqueous and neat MSA ionic liquid electrolytes is investigated. The specific capacitance of 298 F g−1 was obtained at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 in 4 m MSA and it exhibits excellent cycle stability with retention of nearly 100 % over 10 000 cycles. This electrochemical performance is similar to that of Ti3C2Tx in H2SO4, but using a greener electrolyte. In situ X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals the intercalation charge storage mechanism. Specifically, the interlayer spacing changes by up to 2.58 Å during cycling, which is the largest reversible volume change observed in MXenes in aqueous electrolytes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Behavior of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte

et al. 2019

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“…Electrolyte adoption : The design and optimization of electrolytes for MSCs have always been a hot topic for a long time . Suitable electrolytes for 3D MSCs are not well‐defined largely because each and every one of electrode materials needs to well match with a certain electrolyte . Furthermore, the challenge toward designing of 3D MSCs with leakage‐free electrolytes is still remained.…”

Section: Summary and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…100,101 Suitable electrolytes for 3D MSCs are not well-defined largely because each and every one of electrode materials needs to well match with a certain electrolyte. 102 Furthermore, the challenge toward designing of 3D MSCs with leakage-free electrolytes is still remained. This will call for solid or gel polymer electrolytes with high ionic conductivities to maintain an appropriate power density.…”

Section: Summary and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances on three‐dimensional electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A mini‐review

Liu

Zhao

Lei

2019

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133

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Owing to the high power density, long cycle life and maintain‐free, micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) stand out as preferred miniaturized energy source for the miscellaneous autonomous electronic components. However, the shortage of energy density is the main stumbling block for their practical applications. To solve this energy issue, constructing a three‐dimensional (3D) electrode within the limited footprint area is proposed as a new solution for improving the energy storage capacity of MSCs. In the last few years, extensive efforts have been devoted to developing 3D electrodes for MSCs, and significant progress and breakthrough have been achieved. While, there is still lack of systematic summary on the 3D electrode design strategies. To this end, it is imperative to outline the basic design conception, summarize the current states, and discuss the future research about 3D electrodes in MSCs based on the latest development.

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“…Despite its promising values of capacitance, MXenes have consistently shown small potential windows, usually narrower than 1 V. Although not extensively investigated for MXenes yet, organic or ionic electrolytes are interesting alternatives to provide extended potential windows up to 3 V, which is essential to drastically improve the energy density [123][124][125]. Nevertheless, safety issues, toxicity, electrolyte decomposition, temperature/humidity sensitivity and high cost make these electrolytes less desirable for most applications [122].…”

Section: Supercapacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene-based 3D porous macrostructures for electrochemical energy storage

et al. 2020

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2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) have shown outstanding potential as electrode materials for energy storage applications due to a combination of metallic conductivity, wide interlayer spacing, and redox-active, metal oxide-like surfaces capable of exhibiting pseudocapacitive behavior. It is well known that 2D materials have a strong tendency to restack and aggregate, due to their strong van der Waals interactions, reducing their surface availability and inhibiting electrochemical performance. In order to overcome these problems, work has been done to assemble 2D materials into 3D porous macrostructures. Structuring 2D materials in 3D can prevent agglomeration, increase specific surface area and improve ion diffusion, whilst also adding chemical and mechanical stability. Although still in its infancy, a number of papers already show the potential of 3D MXene architectures for energy storage, but the impact of the processing parameters on the microstructure of the materials, and the influence this has on electrochemical properties is still yet to be fully quantified. In some situations the reproducibility of works is hindered by an oversight of parameters which can, directly or indirectly, influence the final architecture and its properties. This review compiles publications from 2011 up to 2020 about the research developments in 3D porous macrostructures using MXenes as building blocks, and assesses their application as battery and supercapacitor electrodes. Recommendations are also made for future works to achieve a better understanding and progress in the field. carbon and/or nitrogen and T x represents surface terminations which vary depending on the synthesis method used (for example, hydroxyl, oxygen, or fluorine) [10].With less than 10 years since their discovery, efforts are still mainly pointed towards the assessment of its potentialities and exploration of its properties, while their integration and application in various engineering fields are still very much in their infancy. Nevertheless, investigations have shown very competitive results in energy storage devices attracting a lot of interest in the field. In particular, the inner conductive metal carbide layers provide fast electron supply to electrochemically active sites, and functional groups on the surface, allow water intercalation and fast redox activity for pseudocapacitive energy storage [11][12][13]. Besides energy storage, MXenes also showed promising properties and have been researched for a variety of other areas, such as electromagnetic shielding, environmental, sensors, optoeletronic devices, and renewable energy [9,[14][15][16].For most practical applications, the MXene powders must be assembled or processed into a macroscopic sample such as, for example, an electrode. Conventionally this is done either by mixing it with a solvent to form a slurry which is painted over a substrate, by directly vacuum filtration, by spin coating, or by spraying the MXene suspension to form a compact film. During these processes, there i...

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Influences from solvents on charge storage in titanium carbide MXenes

Abstract: Influences from solvents on charge storage in titanium carbide MXenes. (2019) Nature Energy, 4 (3). 241-248.

Cited by 384 publications

References 40 publications

Electrochemical Behavior of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte

Electrochemical Behavior of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte

Advances on three‐dimensional electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A mini‐review

MXene-based 3D porous macrostructures for electrochemical energy storage

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Influences from solvents on charge storage in titanium carbide MXenes

Abstract: Influences from solvents on charge storage in titanium carbide MXenes. (2019) Nature Energy, 4 (3). 241-248.

Cited by 384 publications

References 40 publications

Electrochemical Behavior of Ti3C2Tx MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte

Electrochemical Behavior of Ti3C2Tx MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte

Advances on three‐dimensional electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A mini‐review

MXene-based 3D porous macrostructures for electrochemical energy storage

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Product

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Electrochemical Behavior of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte

Electrochemical Behavior of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte