Influence of various straw-to-concentrate ratios on in sacco dry matter degradability, feed intake and apparent digestibility in ruminants

Flachowsky, Gerhard; Schneider, Mariane

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(92)90103-d

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Most of the chyme that has not been fermented completely in the rumen is fermented to produce final metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in the cecum and other areas of the hindgut, and SCFAs are absorbed and utilized in the cecum (Faichney, 1968; Li et al, 2012). Some studies have reported that increasing the proportion of concentrate in the diet can improve the digestibility of diet, thereby produce a large amount of SCFAs in rumen and intestinal tract (Brink and Steele, 1985; Flachowsky and Schneider, 1992). SCFAs mainly include acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and other fatty acids with fewer than six carbon atoms in the carbon chain (Morrison and Preston, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Butyrate Modulates Mucosal Inflammation Injury Mediated by GPR41/43 in the Cecum of Goats Fed a High Concentration Diet

Chang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Front. Physiol.

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Emerging data indicate that excessive short chain fatty acids can mediate the downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways by activating G-protein coupled receptor 41/43 (GPR41/43) to initiate the inflammatory response. The current study was conducted to investigate if a high concentrate (HC) supplemented with sodium butyrate can alleviate the inflammation and if an epigenetic mechanism is involved in regulating the expression of the key GPR41/43 genes in the cecum. Twelve lactating goats were randomly divided into two groups: the control group fed the HC diet and the treatment group fed the HC diet supplemented with sodium butyrate (HCB). Our results suggested that the supplementation of sodium butyrate significantly increased the pH value in the rumen and cecum, downregulated the expression of GPR41/43 and related inflammatory cytokines, upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins, and reduced the protein expression levels of GPR 41/43, ERK1/2, and p38. Moreover, the ratios of DNA methylation and chromatin compaction in the promoter region of the GPR41/43 genes were altered due to the addition of sodium butyrate. In brief, dietary addition of sodium butyrate can reduce the inflammatory injury to the cecal mucosa in lactating goats and can affect the expression of GPR41/43 via epigenetic modification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Butyrate Modulates Mucosal Inflammation Injury Mediated by GPR41/43 in the Cecum of Goats Fed a High Concentration Diet

Chang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Front. Physiol.

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“…Previous studies revealed that supplementation of high fiber diets with easily digestible carbohydrate and protein can increase the nutrient digestibility (Madrid et al, 1997;Swanson et al, 2000;Deng et al, 2000;Yang et al, 2000 andLiu et al, 2005). But for diets with high concentrate ratio, supplementation with more concentrate may decrease the digestibility of nutrients (Flachowsky andSchneider, 1992 andCastrillo et al, 1995). Therefore, there may be an optimal concentrate supplementation level for a given kind of roughage, which allows the animal to use the nutrients in the roughage most efficiently (Liu et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Concentrated Diets to Growing Lambs: 1 – Effect on Growth Performance.

Mehrez¹,

Shehata

Sabaa

2007

Journal of Animal and Poultry Production

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Twenty nine Finland X Rhmani (1/2F.* 1/2R.) male lambs were selected from Sakha Farm. The lambs had average live body weight of 13.9±SE Kg and 70.9±SE days old. The animals were divided into four unequal groups (8 animals for groups 1, 2, 3 and 5 animals for group 4). After an adaptation period, the lambs were fed the experimental diets, differing in concentrate / forage ratio. Lambs of group 2 were fed on 100% concentrated feed mixture(CFM), lambs of group 3 were fed 85% concentrate feed mixture + 15% forage while, animals of both groups 1 and 4 were fed 70% concentrate feed mixture and 30% forage as the common and control feeding system. All groups received their experimental diets for 68 days after the adaptation period. Three lambs from each of groups 1, 2 and 3 were slaughtered at an average live body weight of 27 Kg. No animals were slaughtered from group 4 since they are similar to those of group 1. The remaining 5 animals from groups 1, 2 and 3 continued to receive the same experimental diets while those of group 4 were switched to receive 100% CFM, until all animals in all treatments reached slaughter weight of about (45kg).Live body weight (LBW) and feed intake were recorded and feed conversion values were calculated during the two stages. Results revealed that average daily gain attained by lambs continuously fed 100% concentrate diet was 272 g, being 216 g in stage 1 and 297 g/h in stage 2. However, lambs started feeding on 100% concentrate diet after being fed the control diet, accomplished better growth rate (324 g/h/d) during stage 2 while was similar to the control one during stage 1 ((187 g/h/d). Lambs fed 85% concentrate (T3) did not show difference than the control. Lambs of both groups fed 100% concentrates either during the whole period or only during the second period reached marketing weight (45 Kg) earlier than the other two treatments by about one month.Feed intake as a percentage of body weight in the first, second and whole stages were calculated and found to range from 3.5 to 3.8 % for lambs. being relatively less than those recommended in NRC (1985) for lambs of daily growth rate from 222 to 324g/h/d.Measured as kg DM/Kg gain, feed conversion (FC)for the comparative trials showed better rate in stage one compared to stage 2 of fattening. In both stages the best FC was attained by T2 which received 100% concentrate diet being, 4.32 and 6.29 kg DM/ Kg BW during stages 1 and 2 of fattening, respectively. The next two parts of this series of experiments will deal with the effects on fermentation in the rumen, anatomy of the digestive system and the histology of the rumen to better interpret the findings before recommending the optimal system of feeding high concentrates.

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Effect of feeding sorghum straw based complete rations with different roughage to concentrate ratio on dry matter intake, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen balance in Nellore ram lambs

Malisetty

Yerradoddi

Devanaboina

et al. 2014

Trop Anim Health Prod

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An experiment was conducted by feeding sorghum straw (Sorghum bicolor) based complete rations at roughage concentrate ratio 70:30 (CR-I), 60:40 (CR-II), 50:50 (CR-III), and 40:60 (CR-IV) for 180 days to find out suitable ratio of sorghum straw in the complete ration (mash form) on nutrient utilization and nitrogen balance in Nellore ram lambs. The DMI (g/day) increased significantly (P < 0.05) as level of concentrate increased in complete rations. No significant difference was found in digestibilities of proximate nutrients. However, CP digestibility was higher either significantly or nonsignificantly by 2.12, 5.50, and 9.36 %, respectively, in lambs fed with CR-II (P > 0.05), CR-III (P > 0.05), and CR-IV (P < 0.05) rations in comparison to lambs fed with CR-I ration. Furthermore, CP digestibility was higher by 7.09 and 3.66 % in lambs fed with CR-IV ration than those fed with CR-II (P < 0.05) and CR-III (P > 0.05) ration. The average CWC digestibility coefficients were comparable among four rations. The N intake (g/day) was significantly (P < 0.01) different and progressively increased by 31.46, 48.69, and 82.86 % in ram lambs fed with CR-II, CR-III, and CR-IV rations, respectively, in comparison to CR-I ration. The N balance (g/day) was higher either significantly or nonsignificantly by 34.46 (P > 0.05), 133.46 (P < 0.01), and 198.87 % (P < 0.01) with CR-II, CR-III, and CR-IV rations, respectively, in comparison to CR-I ration. Based on results, it is inferred that the level of sorghum straw in complete ration had no effect on digestibility of nutrients barring crude protein in Nellore ram lambs.

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Influence of various straw-to-concentrate ratios on in sacco dry matter degradability, feed intake and apparent digestibility in ruminants

Cited by 8 publications

References 42 publications

Sodium Butyrate Modulates Mucosal Inflammation Injury Mediated by GPR41/43 in the Cecum of Goats Fed a High Concentration Diet

Sodium Butyrate Modulates Mucosal Inflammation Injury Mediated by GPR41/43 in the Cecum of Goats Fed a High Concentration Diet

Feeding Concentrated Diets to Growing Lambs: 1 – Effect on Growth Performance.

Effect of feeding sorghum straw based complete rations with different roughage to concentrate ratio on dry matter intake, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen balance in Nellore ram lambs

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