Influence of urban land development and subsequent soil rehabilitation on soil aggregates, carbon, and hydraulic conductivity

Chen, Yujuan; Day, Susan D.; Wick, Abbey F.; McGuire, K. J.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.099

Cited by 89 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…It is likely that many of the contrary findings may be related to alterations in soil properties from anthropogenic land use practices that cause compaction, increased bulk density, and concomitant declines in K SAT . Indeed, numerous studies conducted in diverse geologic and geographic settings have demonstrated reductions in K SAT ranging from 1.8 to 100 times due to agricultural and urban land use practices (Chen, Day, Wick, & McGuire, 2014;Knighton, White, Lennon, & Rajan, 2014;Singleton & Addison, 1999;Wang, McKeague, & Switzer-Howse, 1985). Such declines in K SAT can have profound implications for runoff generating properties and by extension, flooding, soil erosion, and water quality.…”

Section: Uncertainty and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating dominant runoff modes across the conterminous United States

Buchanan

Auerbach

Knighton

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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Effective natural resource planning depends on understanding the prevalence of runoff generating processes. Within a specific area of interest, this demands reproducible, straightforward information that can complement available local data and can orient and guide stakeholders with diverse training and backgrounds. To address this demand within the contiguous United States (CONUS), we characterized and mapped the predominance of two primary runoff generating processes: infiltration‐excess and saturation‐excess runoff (IE vs. SE, respectively). Specifically, we constructed a gap‐filled grid of surficial saturated hydraulic conductivity using the Soil Survey Geographic and State Soil Geographic soils databases. We then compared surficial saturated hydraulic conductivity values with 1‐hr rainfall‐frequency estimates across a range of return intervals derived from CONUS‐scale random forest models. This assessment of the prevalence of IE versus SE runoff also incorporated a simple uncertainty analysis, as well as a case study of how the approach could be used to evaluate future alterations in runoff processes resulting from climate change. We found a low likelihood of IE runoff on undisturbed soils over much of CONUS for 1‐hr storms with return intervals <5 years. Conversely, IE runoff is most likely in the Central United States (i.e., Texas, Louisiana, Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, and Western South Dakota), and the relative predominance of runoff types is highly sensitive to the accuracy of the estimated soil properties. Leveraging publicly available data sets and reproducible workflows, our approach offers greater understanding of predominant runoff generating processes over a continental extent and expands the technical resources available to environmental planners, regulators, and modellers.

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Section: Uncertainty and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating dominant runoff modes across the conterminous United States

Buchanan

Auerbach

Knighton

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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“…This relationship is not surprising because it is well understood that SOM binds soil minerals and builds structural space between aggregates, which typically lowers BD (Heuscher et al, 2005; Celik et al, 2010), increases porosity, and thus improves soil water dynamics (Boyle et al, 1989; Yang and Zhang, 2011). Indeed, experiments that incorporate compost into urban‐compacted soil have verified these interactions (Sloan et al, 2012; Chen et al, 2014). However, the trends between vegetation type in this study, although intriguing, were not statistically significant and were largely confined to the upper 0.15 m. Moreover, studies suggest it may take decades before these marginal shifts in soil properties beneath the prairie gardens yield significant change in soil function at depth (Matamala et al, 2008; Brye and Riley, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Few studies examine K sat in urban subsoil, except for where physical remediation techniques have been implemented to improve soil permeability at depth. For example, a study of loamy soils in Montgomery, VA, showed subsoil tillage to result in K sat at a depth of 0.25 to 0.40 m of 1.8 × 10 −5 m s −1 , a twofold increase compared with K sat in compacted soil that lacked the remediation treatment (Chen et al, 2014). Our measured rates of K sat at a depth of 0.30 to 0.45 m were substantially less (often <2.8 × 10 −6 m s −1 ) by comparison and concur with BD and PR at this depth that demonstrate a moderate degree of compaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Residential Prairie Gardens on the Physical Properties of Urban Soil in Madison, Wisconsin

2016

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Prairie gardens have become a common addition to residential communities in the midwestern United States because prairie vegetation is native to the region, requires fewer resources to maintain than turfgrass, and has been promoted to help remediate urban soil. Although prairie systems typically have deeper and more diverse root systems than traditional turfgrass, no one has tested the effect of this vegetation type on the physical properties of urban soil. We hypothesized that residential prairie gardens would yield lower soil bulk density (BD), lower penetration resistance (PR), greater soil organic matter (SOM), and greater saturated hydraulic conductivity () compared with turfgrass lawns. To test this hypothesis, we examined 12 residential properties in Madison, WI, where homeowners had established a prairie garden within their turfgrass lawn. Despite a consistent trend in the difference between vegetation types, no significant main effects were found (i.e., a difference between vegetation types when averaged over depth) for any of the four soil properties measured in this study. Differences were found with depth and depended on a significant interaction with vegetation type. At the surface depth (0-0.15 m), soil beneath prairie gardens had 10% lower mean BD, 15% lower mean PR, 25% greater level of SOM, and 33% greater compared with soil beneath the adjacent lawns. These differences were not detected at deeper sampling intervals of 0.15 to 0.30 m and 0.30 to 0.45 m. Although not statistically significant, the consistent trend and direction among soil variables suggest that residential prairie gardens had changed the surface soil at a rate that marginally outpaced turfgrass and calls for controlled experiments to identify the mechanisms that might enhance these trends.

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“…Many factors, including texture, organic content, soil aggregation, pH, moisture and the overall soil structure, can affect the hydraulic conductivity and the pathway of pollutants in a soil-water system. [18][19][20][21][22] Soils with a different texture indicate the distribution of different particle sizes, which in turn, influences the hydraulic conductivity by forming different microporous and mesoporous structures. [19,23] It has been reported that coarsely-structured soil with low clay content easily results in a higher hydraulic conductivity and lower capacity to hold nutrients.…”

Section: Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and Distribution of Nutrients in the Runoff System of Urban Backfilled Soil

Yu¹,

Niu³

et al. 2018

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Runoff pollution have become a serious issue in terms of water pollution in porous areas, especially in urban backfilled soil. The transport and distribution of runoff water and nutrients in the surface runoff and the subsurface runoff of backfilled soil runoff systems are determined using simulated rainfall and the results indicate that the flow patterns of runoff are different from those of surface runoff and subsurface runoff. The rate of surface runoff flow increases in the beginning and reaches a stable state with a delay of 10 min to rainfall, while the flow rate of subsurface runoff is consistent during the whole runoff period. Most of the pollutants (90% of total suspended solids, 88% of total phosphorus, and 78% of total nitrogen) are carried in the surface runoff, which directly results in polluting the surface‐receiving water. The results of the present study will provide information related to the management of runoff pollution in the backfilled soil runoff system.

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Influence of urban land development and subsequent soil rehabilitation on soil aggregates, carbon, and hydraulic conductivity

Cited by 89 publications

References 51 publications

Estimating dominant runoff modes across the conterminous United States

Estimating dominant runoff modes across the conterminous United States

Impact of Residential Prairie Gardens on the Physical Properties of Urban Soil in Madison, Wisconsin

Transport and Distribution of Nutrients in the Runoff System of Urban Backfilled Soil

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