Influence of type of delivery on A, G and M immunoglobulin concentration in maternal colostrum

We studied the levels of immunoglobulins in colostrum, milk and sera from two common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) mothers (M1 and M2), and in sera from their newborn infants. During pregnancy they continued intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG). Antibody levels from maternal and cord blood collected at delivery and colostrum and milk, collected on the 3rd and 7th post-partum days, respectively, were analyzed. Although cord/maternal blood ratios of total immunoglobulins and subclasses, as well as specific antibodies differed between M1 and M2, both showed good placental transfer of anti-protein and anti-polysaccharide antibodies, despite lower cord/maternal blood ratios in M2. Anti-Streptococcus pneumoniae antibody avidity indexes were similar between paired maternal and cord serum. Both mothers' colostrum and milk samples showed only traces of IgA, and IgM and IgG levels in colostrum were within normal range in M1, whereas M2 presented elevated IgG and low IgM levels, when compared with healthy mothers. The study of colostrum and milk activity showed that they strongly inhibited enteropathogenic Escherichia coli adhesion in vitro. CVID patients must be informed about the relevance of regular IVIG administration during pregnancy, not only for their own health but also for their immune immature offspring. Breast-feeding should be encouraged as colostra from these CVID patients strongly inhibited E. coli adhesion to human epithelial cells thus providing immunological protection plus nutritional and psychological benefits for the infant.

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“… +Range of immunoglobulin concentrations (mg/dl) in colostrum from healthy mothers of our population (42). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of antibodies across the placenta and in breast milk from mothers on intravenous immunoglobulin

Palmeira

Costa‐Carvalho

Arslanian

et al. 2009

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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“…No changes in IgM concentrations were observed in the colostrum and milk of mothers who gave birth at preterm compared to those of mothers who gave birth at full term (5,6). Similar to IgA, IgM levels were higher in primiparous mothers than in multiparous mothers (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…For this reason, the rate of IgM tends to fall gradually throughout breast-feeding (5). Similar to IgA concentrations, the colostrum of primiparous mothers contained higher IgM concentrations compared to multiparous mothers (7). Although it is not yet clear exactly how the number of births to an individual mother influences the composition of the colostrum, previous studies reported an effect on certain hormones, such as prolactin (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Colostrum immunoglobulins and oxidative capacity may be affected by infant sex and maternal age and parity

Kaplan¹,

Bağcı²,

Örkmez³

et al. 2019

Turk J Med Sci

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Background/aim: The aims of this study were to determine the levels of the total antioxidant status (TAS), the total oxidant status (TOS), the oxidative stress index (OSI), and the concentration of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and M (IgM) in colostrum, and evaluate relationships between these parameters and maternal age, maternal parity, and infant sex. Materials and methods: The analysis was performed in serum samples of colostrum which were collected from 90 mothers on the first day of lactation between 10:00 and 12:00 AM. Results: The measurements established that no significant association existed between the TAS level of colostrum and parity, maternal age, or infant sex. However, mothers 18 to 30 years of age had significantly lower colostrum TOS and OSI levels compared with mothers older than 30 years of age. IgA and IgM values of the colostrum of primiparous mothers were significantly higher than those of multiparous mothers, whereas no correlations existed with the age of the mother. Additionally, significantly higher colostrum IgA and IgM values were observed in female infants fed colostrum compared with male infants. Conclusion: In conclusion, sex-based hormonal changes in mothers during pregnancy may be associated with the different colostral immunoglobulin levels for male and female infants.

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“…Our results confirm earlier reports of IgA decline in breast milk over time after birth. 19,20 IgA is a predominant type of immunoglobulin in human colostrum and mature milk; it is an essential immune active component that provides protection against infection. During the 1st weeks of life, infant immunity is not fully developed and mucosal production of IgA in the gut is insufficient.…”

Section: Time Of Colostrum Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposures influencing total IgA level in colostrum

Munblit

Sheth

Abrol

et al. 2015

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a predominant immunoglobulin present in human breast milk and is known to play an important role in infant gut immunity maturation. Breast milk composition varies between populations, but the environmental and maternal factors responsible for these variations are still unclear. We examined the relationship between different exposures and levels of IgA in colostrum. The objective of this study was to examine whether exposures analysed influence levels of IgA in colostrum. The present study used 294 colostrum samples from the MecMilk International cohort, collected from women residing in London, Moscow and Verona. Samples were analysed in automated Abbott Architect Analyser. We found an inverse correlation between time postpartum and colostrum total IgA level (r=-0.49, P<0.001). Adjusting for maternal parity, smoking, fresh fruit and fish consumption and allergen sensitization, multiple regression model showed that IgA levels were influenced by colostrum collection time (P<0.0001) and country of collection (P<0.01). Mode of delivery influence did not appear to be significant in univariate comparisons, once adjusted for the above maternal characteristics it showed a significant influence on total IgA (P=0.01). We conclude that the concentration of IgA in colostrum drops rapidly after birth and future studies should always consider this factor in analysis. IgA concentration varied significantly between countries, with the highest level detected in Moscow and lowest in Verona. Mode of delivery effect should be confirmed on larger cohorts. Further work is needed to determine ways to correct for IgA decline over time in colostrum, and to find the cause of variations in IgA levels between the countries.

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Influence of type of delivery on A, G and M immunoglobulin concentration in maternal colostrum

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Transfer of antibodies across the placenta and in breast milk from mothers on intravenous immunoglobulin

Transfer of antibodies across the placenta and in breast milk from mothers on intravenous immunoglobulin

Colostrum immunoglobulins and oxidative capacity may be affected by infant sex and maternal age and parity

Exposures influencing total IgA level in colostrum

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