Influence of Tunnel Size and Nesting Medium on Sex Ratios in a Leaf-Cutter Bee, Megachile rotundata12

Stephen, W. P.; Osgood, Charles E.

doi:10.1093/jee/58.5.965

Cited by 42 publications

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“…On the other hand, the 1:1 sex ratio found in Ipirá was similar to that recorded by SILVA et al (2001) for C. tarsata and for other Centris species such as C. dichrootricha, Centris terminata Smith, 1804 (MORA , C. vittata (PEREIRA et al 1999), and C. analis (JESUS & GARÓFALO 2000, AGUIAR & MARTINS 2002. Several factors can affect solitary bee sex ratios, such as the nesting-cavity diameter (RUST 1998) or length (STEPHEN & OSGOOD 1965), seasonal availability of floral resources, female foraging capacity (TORCHIO & TEPEDINO 1980), differential losses of outer cells (if those contain predominately one of the sexes), as well as the sex ratio of the parental generation (which influences the mating success of subsequently nesting females) (VANDENBERG 1995). Although the reason for the male-biased sex ratio found in B. Grande is unknown, the data suggest that trap-nest dimensions were not involved since similar traps were used in Ipirá, where the sex ratio was 1:1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nesting biology of Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini)

Aguiar

Garófalo

2004

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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Nests of Centris tarsata Smith, 1874 were obtained from trap-nests in areas of dry semi-deciduous forest (Baixa Grande) and caatinga (Ipirá), in the State of Bahia. Nesting occurred in bamboo canes and in tubes of black cardboard with 5.8 cm (= small tube) and 10.5 cm (= large tube) in length and 0.6 and 0.8 cm in diameter, respectively. In both areas C. tarsata nested during the wet season producing four generations in Baixa Grande and three generations in Ipirá. The immatures of one generation underwent diapause at both sites. The bees constructed their nests with a mixture of sand and oil. In general, the cells were elongated and arranged in linear series with its opening pointing towards the nest entrance. Completed nests had two to three cells in small tubes, one to seven cells in large tubes, and two to 13 cells in bamboo canes. The nest plug resembled an uncompleted cell and was externally covered with oil. The cells were provisioned with pollen, oil, and nectar. Nests were parasitized by Mesocheira bicolor (Fabricius, 1804) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and other not identify bee species.
Ninhos de Centris tarsata Smith, 1874 foram obtidos através da utilização de ninhos-armadilha, em áreas de floresta estacional semi-decídua (Baixa Grande) e de caatinga (Ipirá), no Estado da Bahia. A nidificação ocorreu em gomos de bambus e em tubos de cartolina preta, estes com comprimentos de 5,8 cm (= tubos pequenos) e 10,5 cm (= tubos grandes), e diâmetro de 0,6 e 0,8 cm, respectivamente. Em ambas as áreas C. tarsata nidificou durante a estação úmida, produzindo quatro gerações anuais em Baixa Grande e três em Ipirá. Os imaturos de uma das gerações passaram por diapausa em ambos os locais. As abelhas construíram seus ninhos com uma mistura de areia e óleo. Em geral, as células foram alongadas e arranjadas em série linear, com sua abertura dirigida para a entrada do ninho. Os ninhos completados tinham de duas a três células nos tubos pequenos, de uma a sete células nos tubos grandes e de duas a 13 nos gomos de bambu. A parede de fechamento do ninho lembrava uma célula incompleta e era coberta externamente com óleo. As células foram aprovisionadas com pólen, óleo e néctar. Os ninhos foram parasitados por Mesocheira bicolor (Fabricius, 1804) (Hymenoptera, Apidae) e por outra espécie de abelha não identificada

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nesting biology of Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini)

Aguiar

Garófalo

2004

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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“…Narrow tunnels force females to construct brood cells of the smaller sex (Longair 1981). Male biased sex ratios in narrow tubes have been reported, e.g., in Megachile rotundata (Stephen and Osgood 1965;Gerber and Klostermeyer 1972;O'Neill et al 2010), Osmia lignaria (Torchio and Tepedino 1980;Tepedino and Torchio 1989), and Osmia bicornis (Raw 1972;Holm Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13592-015-0380-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of nest tube dimensions on reproduction parameters in a cavity nesting solitary bee, Osmia bicornis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

2015

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-Recent declines of bee populations have led to great interest in preserving bee species and fuel efforts to develop solitary species for pollination purposes. Xylophilous solitary bees can be easily reared in artificial nests tubes for commercial agricultural as well as wild plant pollination. The impact of the dimensions of these artificial nest tubes on reproduction parameters was studied in the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis (L.), in a long-term study. Increasing tube diameter positively affected both progeny sex ratio and body size. Sex ratio, but not progeny body mass, was negatively affected by short tube length. Building costs rose with increasing diameter accompanied by deteriorated efficiency of tube space utilization. Although female bees used a wide spectrum of nest dimensions, artificial nest tubes of 8-10 mm internal diameter and a length of at least 150 mm were optimal.sex ratio / body size / nest cavity dimensions / diameter / length / Osmia

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“…The diameter of the cavity affects the number of leaf pieces needed to construct the cells, with more pieces required as the diameter increases (Stephen andOsgood 1965, Klostermeyer et al 1973). As the cavity diameter increases, the size of the provision increases, as well as the size of the resulting progeny (Stephen and Osgood 1965). The diameter and the length of the cavity also inßuence the female decision as to the sex of her progeny and, thus, the nest-speciÞc sex ratio (Stephen and Osgood 1965).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cell Position During Larval Development Affects Postdiapause Development inMegachile rotundata(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

2014

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Megachile rotundata (F.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) is the primary pollinator of alfalfa in the northwestern United States and western Canada and provides pollination services for onion, carrot, hybrid canola, various legumes, and other specialty crops. M. rotundata females are gregarious, nest in cavities either naturally occurring or in artificial nesting blocks, where they construct a linear series of brood cells. Because of the physical layout of the nest, the age of the larvae within the nest and the microenvironment the individual larvae experience will vary. These interacting factors along with other maternal inputs affect the resulting phenotypes of the nest mates. To further our understanding of in-nest physiology, gender and developmental rates were examined in relationship to cell position within the nest. Eighty-two percent of the females were located within the first three cells, those furthest from the nest entrance. For those individuals developing in cells located in the deepest half of the nest, the sex of the previous bee had a significant effect on the female decision of the gender of the following nest mate. Removing the prepupae from the nest and rearing them under identical conditions demonstrated that position within the nest during larval development had a significant effect on the postdiapause developmental rates, with males whose larval development occurred deeper in the nest developing more slowly than those toward the entrance. No positional effect on postdiapause developmental rates was noted for the females. The cell position effect on male postdiapause developmental rate demonstrates that postdiapause development is not a rigid physiological mechanism uniform in all individuals, but is a dynamic plastic process shaped by past environmental conditions.

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Influence of Tunnel Size and Nesting Medium on Sex Ratios in a Leaf-Cutter Bee, Megachile rotundata12

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Nesting biology of Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini)

Nesting biology of Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini)

The impact of nest tube dimensions on reproduction parameters in a cavity nesting solitary bee, Osmia bicornis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

Cell Position During Larval Development Affects Postdiapause Development inMegachile rotundata(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

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