Influence of TT virus on the clinical course of alcoholic liver disease

Tokita, Hajime; Murai, Seiyou; Kamitsukasa, Hiroshi; Yagura, Michiyasu; Harada, Hideharu; Tawara, Akio; Takahashi, Masaharu; Okamoto, Hiroaki

doi:10.1016/s1386-6346(00)00095-4

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The viral genotypes exhibit geographical clustering which leads to frequent community transmission [108] and co-infection with different viral genotypes is also common [109][110][111] …”

Section: Ttv Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Prospects of Torque Teno Virus

Elsaie¹

2013

J Vaccines Vaccin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human health has a significant importance and it is directly affected by a number of factors like different diseases including microbial and viral infections. Up till now we have paid attention to the disease causing viruses and pathogens and less has been investigated about the usefulness of normal viral flora. One such orphan virus is Torque Teno Virus (TTV). The virus is present in healthy as well as diseased population, indicating its high prevalence. The virus is ubiquitous to human body as it is present in almost all tissues and organs and this is the property that can be utilized for targeted drug delivery. Another potentially useful property of this virus is TTV derived Apoptosis Inducing protein that can be a hope for the affectees.

show abstract

“…The viral genotypes exhibit geographical clustering which leads to frequent community transmission [108] and co-infection with different viral genotypes is also common [109][110][111] …”

Section: Ttv Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Prospects of Torque Teno Virus

Elsaie¹

2013

J Vaccines Vaccin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although there were no significant differences in ALT levels or HBV-DNA values in TTV þ and TTV À children, the total histological activity index, periportal necrosis and portal inflammation scores were significantly higher in children with TTV-DNA viraemia. Tokita et al [18] claimed that among alcoholic liver disease subjects, the improvement rates in ALT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase levels were lower in the TTV þ group than those in the TTV genotype 1-negative group. In 2002, the same group claimed that a high TTV viral load was a significant risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis C patients, independent of known risk factors [19].…”

Section: Hepatic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torque teno virus (TTV): current status

Hino

Miyata

2006

Reviews in Medical Virology

168

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Torque teno virus (TTV), currently classified into the family Circoviridae, genus Anellovirus, was first found in a patient with non-A-E hepatitis. TTV has a single stranded circular DNA of approximately 3.8 kb. TTVs are extraordinarily diverse, spanning five groups including SANBAN and SEN viruses. Torque teno mini virus (TTMV) with approximately 2.9 kb genome also has wide variants. Recently, two related 2.2- and 2.6-kb species joined this community. Recombinations between variants are frequent. This extensive TTV diversity remains unexplained; it is unclear how TTVs could be viable, and why they require such genetic variation. An unequivocal culture system is still not available. TTVs are ubiquitous in > 90% of adults worldwide but no human pathogenicity of TTV has been fully established. Epidemiological surveys need to specify the variants being studied and clinical targets, and must calibrate the sensitivity of the assay used. Potentially interesting observations include a higher viral load in patients with severe idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, cancer and lupus. Active replication was also found in infants with acute respiratory diseases. TTV/TTMV-related viruses were found in chimpanzees, apes, African monkeys and tupaias, and also in chickens, pigs, cows, sheep and dogs. Experimentally, rhesus monkeys were persistently infected by TTV, but only 1/53 chimpanzees. TTV transcribes three species of mRNAs, 3.0-, 1.2- and 1.0-kb in the ratio of 60:5:35. Recently, at least three mRNAs were shown in chicken anaemia virus. The genomic region -154/-76 contains a critical promoter. TTV seems to have at least three proteins; however, the definite functions of these proteins await further research work.

show abstract

“…84 DNA clones of clonally proliferating TTV of genotype 1 that had an identical amino acid sequence in the three HVRs have been isolated from the serum of a FHF patient, and a role for TTV as a possible causative agent has been suggested. 85 Tokita et al 86 studied the influence of TTV infection on the clinical course of alcoholic liver disease. The ALT level 4 weeks after the start of abstinence was significantly higher and the rate of improvement in ALT levels was lower among the patients who were positive for TTV by N22 PCR than among those who were negative for TTV by N22 PCR.…”

Section: Relationship Between Ttv Infection and Liver Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the TTV genotype 1-positive group, the ALT level 4 weeks after the start of abstinence was significantly higher, and the rates of improvement in ALT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase levels were lower than those in the TTV genotype 1-negative group. Based on the data they obtained, Tokita et al 86 concluded that TTV detectable by N22 PCR or TTV of genotype 1 may interfere with the improvement of liver function after the start of abstinence in patients with alcoholic liver disease.…”

Section: Relationship Between Ttv Infection and Liver Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%