Influence of tillage methods on optimization of nutrition, yield and filling grain of winter wheat on leached chernozem

Abstract

Based on the conducted research, experimental data were obtained that allowed recommending a calculation and balance method for determining fertilizer rates for constructing a fertilizer calculation system, which allowed obtaining the maximum yield of winter wheat (6.01 t•ha-1) after the forecrop peas on leached chernozem. The optimal combination of systems for fertilizing winter wheat after its forecrop peas with methods and techniques for placing mineral fertilizer in a 0-20 cm soil layer has been established.Obtaining high and stable yields with good quality of grain production of winter wheat, preservation and improvement of soil fertility, improvement of economic indicators in farms is impossible without the use of a rationally composed fertilizer system. It implies a reduction in doses of fertilizers, an increase in soil stocks of nutrients. Modern fertilizer systems should be based on biologicalization of agriculture, combined with the rational use of mineral and organic fertilizers, in relation to specific soil-climatic and economic conditions, taking into account the requirements of ecology and adaptive farming. Different methods and techniques of tillage affect its structural state, the structure of the arable layer, water-air, nutrient and thermal regimes, thereby affecting the growth conditions of plants, which affects their productivity.The main objective of the research was to determine the influence of fertilizer systems, methods and techniques of tillage on the food regime of leached chernozem and the productivity of winter wheat.The studies were carried out in an experimental crop rotation of the permanent study area located at the experimental station of the Stavropol State Agrarian University. The station is a longterm experience "Theoretical and technological bases of biogeochemical flows of substances in agrolandscapes", registered in the certificates record of long-term experiments of the GeoNetwork of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agrochemistry of the Russian Federation.

Mineral Fertilizers Influence On Some Characteristics Of Winter Wheat

“…In addition, the elements that make up fertilizers can directly inhibit the development of fungal pathogens (Golosnoy et al, 2019;Właśniewski et al, 2019). To obtain a high yield of winter wheat, it is necessary to strictly control the amount of applied mineral fertilizers (Al-Saidan et al, 2019;Grechishkina et al, 2019;Korostylev et al, 2019).…”

Optimizing the protection of winter wheat from phytopathogens to obtain a healthy harvest

“…Modern cultivation of winter wheat is aimed at intensification of its technology, so ensuring reliable and long-term protection against diseases is very important [1,2,3,4]. The following diseases are of great economic importance in cereals: ear Fusarium, Septoriosis, powdery mildew, pyrenophorosis, brown rust, which damage both the quality and quantity of the growing crop [4,5,6].…”

Determination of energy characteristics of conical rotary working tool for tillage

“…Leading scientists from many countries are engaged in the development and improvement of tillage machines with rotary working tools [2][3][4][5][6]. Having studied the research in this area, we revealed that the use of rotary working tools is a promising direction in the development of new machines for tillage [7][8][9][10]. Their main advantage, in comparison with passive working tools, is that they are less energy-intensive.…”