Influence of thiamine and ascorbic acid supplementation on the antidotal efficacy of thiol chelators in experimental lead intoxication

Dhawan, Mamta; Kachru, D.N.; Tandon, S. K.

doi:10.1007/bf00332491

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…5). In agreement with the studies of Goyer and Cherain (4) and Dhawan et al (5), no net decrease in brain lead was observed after 5 days. Goldstein and colleagues (23) earlier found that the uptake and retention of lead by brain in immature rats was greater than in their mothers and that brain lead was not affected by EDTA.…”

Section: Recent Experimental Studiessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…These studies were carried out on an in-patient basis to preclude the possibility of excessive ingestion of lead that might occur on an out-patient basis.' During the first 5 days, all received 1050 mg DMSA/m2/day in three divided doses. During the second five days, dosage was reduced to 350 mg DMSA/m2 day given in divided dose.…”

Section: Cana2edta: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the potential role of chelation therapy in treatment of low to moderate lead exposures.

Chisolm¹

1990

Environ Health Perspect

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In the overall long-term management of lead poisoning, chelation therapy can have short-term benefits; however, these benefits must be accompanied by drastic reduction in environmental exposure to lead if therapy is to have any long-term benefit. This discussion is limited to calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CaNa2EDTA), the chelating agent that has been the mainstay of treatment of lead poisoning for the past 38 years, and to meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a new and promising oral chelating agent, which is an orphan drug and is currently classified as an investigational new drug by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. With both drugs, multiple courses of treatment will be needed if any substantial reduction in body lead burden is to be achieved. A major limitation of CaNa2EDTA is the enormous diuresis of zinc that it produces. DMSA produces a comparable diuresis of lead, a greater decrease in blood lead, and has negligible influence on the urinary losses of zinc, copper, iron, and calcium. Limited experience to date in man has revealed no significant adverse side effects of DMSA. In animals, DMSA will promptly reduce the concentration of lead in brain and kidney, in particular. By contrast, similar 5-day courses of CaNa2EDTA do not produce any net reduction in brain lead. This is important, as the brain is the critical organ of the adverse effects of lead in children. If the efficacy of DMSA is to be comprehensively evaluated ethically in children, new and more sensitive neurochemical, electrophysiologic, or other markers must be developed.

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Section: Recent Experimental Studiessupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Cana2edta: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the potential role of chelation therapy in treatment of low to moderate lead exposures.

Chisolm¹

1990

Environ Health Perspect

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“…It acts mainly as an antioxidant molecule and its beneficial effects could be attributed to its ability to complex with lead 165,166) . Animal studies have suggested an antagonistic effect of ascorbic acid on lead absorption and toxicity and ascorbic acid may even chelate lead as effectively as EDTA 154) , but studies on humans have shown some mixed results. In a study with 78 male workers, 38 received vitamin C and 38 were given a placebo 167) .…”

Section: Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various vitamins have been found to reduce the toxic manifestation of lead 154) . Dietary oral supplementation with these vitamins often lessens the severity of lead poisoning by inhibiting the lead absorption or interaction at the macromolecular site of physiological action 166,171,182) .…”

Section: Vitamin E (α α α α α-Tocopherol)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Chronic Arsenic and Lead Poisoning

Kalia¹,

Flora²

2005

Journal of Occupational Health

258

161

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Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Arsenic and LeadPoisoning: Kiran Kalia, et al. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, IndiaExposure to toxic metals remains a widespread occupational and environmental problem in world. There have been a number of reports in the recent past suggesting an incidence of childhood lead poisoning and chronic arsenic poisoning due to contaminated drinking water in many areas of West Bengal in India and Bangladesh has become a national calamity. Low level metal exposure in humans is caused by air, food and water intake. Lead and arsenic generally interferes with a number of body functions such as the central nervous system (CNS), the haematopoietic system, liver and kidneys. Over the past few decades there has been growing awareness and concern that the toxic biochemical and functional effects are occurring at a lower level of metal exposure than those that produce overt clinical and pathological signs and symptoms. Despite many years of research, we are still far from an effective treatment of chronic plumbism and arsenicosis. Medical treatment of acute and chronic lead and arsenic toxicity is furnished by chelating agents. Chelating agents are organic compounds capable of linking together metal ions to form complex ring-like structures called chelates. They have been used clinically as antidotes for acute and chronic poisoning. 2, 3-dimercaprol (BAL) has long been the mainstay of chelation therapy for lead or arsenic poisoning. Meso 2, 3, -dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) has been tried successfully in animals as well as in a few cases of human lead and arsenic poisoning. DMSA could be a safe and effective method for treating lead or arsenic poisoning, but one of the major disadvantages of chelation with DMSA has been its Review inability to remove lead from the intracellular sites because of its lipophobic nature. Further, it does not provide protection in terms of clinical/ biochemical recovery. A new trend in chelation therapy is to use combined treatment. This includes the use of structurally different chelators or a combination of an adjuvant and a chelator to provide better clinical/ biochemical recovery in addition to lead mobilization. The present review article attempts to provide update information about the current strategies being adopted for a safe, effective and specific treatment for two major toxic metals or metalloid.

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“…The changes observed in the tissue metal concentrations of Tilapia florida after acute administration of the chelating agents points to the best efficacy of thiamin. Dhawan et al, (2015) observed that thiamin did not cause any major reduction in body metal content, but a combination of thiamin and ascorbic acid improved the ability of animals to excrete metals, thereby reducing the body metal content. Similarly, Bratton et al, (1981) found that thiamin had no effect on the trace metal content of plasma in cattle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Physiological studies of some chelating agents in accumulation of some heavy metals in Tilapa florida

Ohaida

2015

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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The three chelating agents. EDTA. Thiamin and Ascorbic acid were tested for balance and tissue distribution of four essential trace elements, copper. Zinc, iron and manganese, blood, liver kidney and muscle in Tilapia florida. Essential trace element balance was less affected by thiamin administration. Thiamin produced minimum alterations in the tissue levels of essential trace elements. Alterations produced by EDTA were more pronounced than those occurred with ascorbic acid and thiamin. Copper, zinc and iron levels in all tissues were drastically depleted by EDTA. The present results suggested that thiamin had the best efficacy as a metal chelating agent.

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Influence of thiamine and ascorbic acid supplementation on the antidotal efficacy of thiol chelators in experimental lead intoxication

Cited by 42 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation of the potential role of chelation therapy in treatment of low to moderate lead exposures.

Evaluation of the potential role of chelation therapy in treatment of low to moderate lead exposures.

Strategies for Safe and Effective Therapeutic Measures for Chronic Arsenic and Lead Poisoning

Physiological studies of some chelating agents in accumulation of some heavy metals in Tilapa florida

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