Abstract:Photovoltaic water pumping could significantly improve water access, particularly in off-grid rural villages of Sub-Saharan Africa. Earlier, we have developed and validated a numerical model of a photovoltaic water pumping system (PVWPS). Such model allows to include the water consumption profile as an input. The current study assesses the influence of the temporal resolution of the water consumption profile on the model accuracy and on PVWPS optimal sizing. This helps to select the adapted temporal resolution… Show more
“…In addition, the initial investment per unit of water provided may be lower for pumping systems for irrigation than for domestic water. Indeed, domestic water systems often require drilling for accessing drinkable underground water and building water towers, which are two costly operations (Harvey and Reed 2004;Meunier et al 2018). Finally, while the mWTP is higher for domestic uses, agriculture may use higher volumes of water.…”
Section: Discussion Conclusion and Policy Implicationsmentioning
Access to water for domestic and irrigation uses remains limited across Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in rural areas. While the technical feasibility of implementing innovative technologies to improve water supply has been often evaluated, less is known about the drivers that motivate users to pay for obtaining the inherent benefits of improved water supply. In this article, the determinants of the marginal willingness to pay (mWTP) for improved domestic and irrigation water are investigated. For this purpose, a contingent valuation study is performed in rural Rwanda. This study uses survey data from 316 households situated in 8 villages, in which ~20 % of the households receive electricity thanks to microgrids powered by solar energy. It is found that the mWTP for improved domestic water supply is influenced by the proportion of children in the household, business ownership, and satisfaction with water quantity and quality. The mWTP for irrigation is determined by respondent education, business ownership and crop area planted. This paper contributes to the literature by allowing a comparison of the determinants of the mWTP for improved domestic water supply to the determinants of the mWTP for irrigation. Another contribution is to examine the mWTP for improved water infrastructure in partially electrified villages. Identifying areas with high marginal benefits from water can guide infrastructure investment and electrification efforts while improving well-being and increasing revenues in rural areas.
“…In addition, the initial investment per unit of water provided may be lower for pumping systems for irrigation than for domestic water. Indeed, domestic water systems often require drilling for accessing drinkable underground water and building water towers, which are two costly operations (Harvey and Reed 2004;Meunier et al 2018). Finally, while the mWTP is higher for domestic uses, agriculture may use higher volumes of water.…”
Section: Discussion Conclusion and Policy Implicationsmentioning
Access to water for domestic and irrigation uses remains limited across Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in rural areas. While the technical feasibility of implementing innovative technologies to improve water supply has been often evaluated, less is known about the drivers that motivate users to pay for obtaining the inherent benefits of improved water supply. In this article, the determinants of the marginal willingness to pay (mWTP) for improved domestic and irrigation water are investigated. For this purpose, a contingent valuation study is performed in rural Rwanda. This study uses survey data from 316 households situated in 8 villages, in which ~20 % of the households receive electricity thanks to microgrids powered by solar energy. It is found that the mWTP for improved domestic water supply is influenced by the proportion of children in the household, business ownership, and satisfaction with water quantity and quality. The mWTP for irrigation is determined by respondent education, business ownership and crop area planted. This paper contributes to the literature by allowing a comparison of the determinants of the mWTP for improved domestic water supply to the determinants of the mWTP for irrigation. Another contribution is to examine the mWTP for improved water infrastructure in partially electrified villages. Identifying areas with high marginal benefits from water can guide infrastructure investment and electrification efforts while improving well-being and increasing revenues in rural areas.
“…For convenience, all the measured data were rescaled to an equally spaced temporal resolution of 1 min by nearest interpolation. In addition, references [15] and [26] showed that a temporal resolution of 1 min is sufficient for the modelling and optimal sizing of PVWPS for domestic water access.…”
“…In this article, only the source and the temporal resolution of change (see section III) while we use measured data with a 1 minute temporal resolution for the two other inputs of the model ( and ). Indeed, we showed that has a small effect on the model output [12] and we investigated the influence of in a previous article [13].…”
Section: Photovoltaic Water Pumping System Modelmentioning
Photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPS) are an interesting solution to improve water access in off-grid areas. Irradiance being the main input of PVWPS models, the source (local sensor or satellite database) and temporal resolution of irradiance data strongly influence the accuracy of PVWPS models and the optimal sizing obtained from these models. We show that we can use satellite data instead of data from a local sensor and a temporal resolution of 1 hour without significantly changing the model accuracy and optimization results. These results can allow to intensify the implementation of PVWPS in off-grid areas.
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