Influence of the self-organization of ionic liquids on the size of ruthenium nanoparticles: effect of the temperature and stirring

Ruthenium-catalysed alkoxycarbonylation of alkenes with carbon dioxide

“…Key experiments using 1-octene, carbon dioxide and methanol included the following: (a) the standard Hg(0) poisoning test; (b) the hot filtration test; (c) ligand poisoning and (d) control reactions with self-made ruthenium nanoparticles stabilized by ionic liquids (Supplementary Fig. 2) [40][41][42] . All these tests uncovered the homogenous nature of the catalyst in this reaction system (Supplementary Tables 8-11).…”

Recyclable nanoscale copper(i) catalysts in ionic liquid media for selective decarboxylative C–C bond cleavage

“…organo-boron, organo-tin, organo-zinc) reagents. 6 Nowadays metal nanoparticles, such as ruthenium, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] platinum, 16 iridium, [17][18][19] palladium, 5,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] cobalt, 32 and iron, 33 have great potential for application 34 in homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, including hydrogenation, 7 hydrogenolysis, 35 Fischer-Tropsch reactions 32,36 and cross-coupling reactions. 4,5,21,23 Copper 37 and especially copper(I)oxide 38 nanoparticles combine the high catalytic activity of precious metals with easy availability and low cost.…”

Ionic Liquids as Designer Solvents for the Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles

“…Following these, among the first publications in this field, Dupont and co-workers made a deliberate attempt towards synthesis of uniform-sized Ir nanoparticles in [BMIm] [PF 6 ] IL and used them as catalysts for the hydrogenation of olefins (Dupont et al, 2002). This pioneering work stimulated many subsequent studies, leading to synthesis of Ir (Fonseca et al, 2003;2006;Singh et al, 2008a), Rh (Fonseca et al, 2003;Bruss et al, 2006), Pt (Scheeren et al, 2003;2006), Ru (Silveira et al, 2004;Gutel et al, 2007), Pd Durand et al, 2008), Ni , Cu (Singh et al, 2008b;2008c; and Ag ) nanoparticles by reducing the corresponding transition metal salts or by decomposing organometallic compounds in different ILs (Dupont & de Oliveira Silva, 2008 . These Ru nanoparticles synthesized in ILs demonstrated excellent performance towards the hydrogenation of olefins.…”

“…These Ru nanoparticles synthesized in ILs demonstrated excellent performance towards the hydrogenation of olefins. In another study, importance of external parameters such as temperature and stirring during synthesis of Ru nanoparticles was highlighted to control nanoparticle size by utilizing the self-organization feature of [BMIm][N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ] IL (Gutel et al, 2007). Additionally, in a series of reports, [BMIm] [BF 4 ] IL was utilized towards the synthesis of Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh and Ir nanoparticles (Redel et al, 2008a;Kramer et al, 2008).…”