Influence of the petrophysical and durability properties of carbonate rocks on the deterioration of historic constructions in Tebessa (northeastern Algeria)

Nasri, Fatah; Boumezbeur, Abderrahmane; Benavente, David

doi:10.1007/s10064-018-1410-7

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Weathering deterioration processes include crust formation, physical stress due to wetting and drying, freeze-thaw cycles, thermal expansion, salt crystallisation, dissolution and leaching [2][3][4][5][6][7]. These processes can act simultaneously and with one another in many different weathering regimes [8][9][10]; that is, some processes may dominate one part of a building, whilst other areas may be more sheltered and prone to other processes [11]. Weathering of carbonate rock results in a wide variety of stone deterioration patterns and products (pathologies) that influence the aesthetic and geotechnical properties of the stone [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathering Processes and Mechanisms Caused by Capillary Waters and Pigeon Droppings on Porous Limestones

2020

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This investigation studies the physical and chemical effect of salt weathering on biocalcarenites and biocalcrudites in the Basilica of Our Lady of Succour (Aspe, Spain). Weathering patterns are the result of salty rising capillary water and water lixiviated from pigeon droppings. Surface modifications and features induced by material loss are observable in the monument. Formation of gypsum, hexahydrite, halite, aphthitalite and arcanite is associated with rising capillary water, and niter, hydroxyapatite, brushite, struvite, weddellite, oxammite and halite with pigeon droppings. Humberstonite is related to the interaction of both types of waters. Analysis of crystal shapes reveals different saturation degree conditions. Single salts show non-equilibrium shapes, implying higher crystallisation pressures. Single salts have undergone dissolution and/or dehydration processes enhancing the deterioration process, particularly in the presence of magnesium sulphate. Double salts (humberstonite) have crystals corresponding to near-equilibrium form, implying lower crystallisation pressures. This geochemical study suggests salts precipitate via incongruent reactions rather than congruent precipitation, where hexahydrite is the precursor and limiting reactant of humberstonite. Chemical dissolution of limestone is driven mainly by the presence of acidic water lixiviated from pigeon droppings and is a critical weathering process affecting the most valuable architectural elements present in the façades.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathering Processes and Mechanisms Caused by Capillary Waters and Pigeon Droppings on Porous Limestones

2020

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“…Oxidation processes can contribute to stains in limestone because of the action of salt solutions [71] and acid solutions [38], with this last publication also reporting the oxidation of iron-containing calcite.…”

Section: Minerals and Other Phase Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Other majorly interesting publications have data that contribute to assess the role of different factors. In the study presented by Nasri et al [71], comparing a carbonate tufa and a limestone under salt weathering tests, the tufa showed better durability, in spite of having much lower mechanical strength and much higher porosity and water capillary absorption, even after correcting for porosity differences, a result that the authors attribute to the presence of macropores in the carbonate tufa.…”

Section: Multiple Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, images of study by Török and Szemerey-Kiss [79], showed that a coarser limestone which was less porous and presented a higher percentage of fine pores presented higher erosion than a finer limestone that was more porous and had a higher percentage of the higher radii pores (in freeze-thaw tests with stone and mortars, where, hence the possibility of some salt contribution could be pondered). Bioturbation in limestones has been reported to be susceptible to salt weathering erosion because of the association with iron oxides and porosity [71]. In a study of two limestones and marble, the limestone with higher porosity and surface roughness showed higher darkening related to fixation of particulate matter and higher deposition of the soluble fraction [13].…”

Section: Multiple Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rock Features and Alteration of Stone Materials Used for the Built Environment: A Review of Recent Publications on Ageing Tests

2020

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This work presents a review of recent publications, with publication date between 2017 and 2019, with information on the relation between rock characteristics and the effects of diverse agents associated with alteration of stone materials in the built environment. It considers information obtained from ageing tests performed under laboratory conditions and by exposure to outdoor agents. Several lithological groups were considered, with sedimentary carbonate rocks being the most frequently studied lithotypes and silicate metamorphic rocks being the group with scarcer information. In terms of ageing tests, salt weathering was the most frequent one while there was a noticeable lesser amount of information from tests with biological colonization. The collected data showed the influence of diverse features, from specific minerals to whole-rock properties and the presence of heterogeneities. These information are discussed in the context of formulating a general framework for stone decay.

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“…When the crystallization pressure reaches the cementing strength of the cement, numerous microscopic cracks are generated in the sandstone, which leads to falling off of the sand surface [3,4]. The calcareous cement in the sandstone simultaneously reacts with the erosion solution to form novel salt products such as gypsum, causing the feldspar and other minerals in the sandstone particles to gradually degrade, causing chemical weathering [5][6][7]. The role of salt damage occurs simultaneously at the physical and chemical levels and is one of the primary factors that cause weathering on the surface of sandstone cave cultural relics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Strength Damage Evolution Regulation of Sandstone under Cyclic Erosion

et al. 2021

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Owing to salt erosion, the sandstone of Yungang Grottoes has widespread weathering diseases. The soluble salt develops reciprocating crystallization pressure under the action of dry and wet cycles to diminish the sandstone strength. Finally, several pore-like and powder-like weathering phenomena are formed. To explore the change in sandstone strength during this process, the sandstone of Yungang Grottoes was taken as the research object. Herein, the uniaxial compression test, XRD test, and other methods were employed to study the samples under different salt erosion cycles. As the number of salt damage cycles increased, the phenomenon of sand particles on the sandstone surface gradually amplified. The compressive strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus of sandstone decreased with the increase in erosion cycles. The curve was divided into two stages, and the macroscopic and microscopic damage equations of sandstone after erosion were established. During the entire damage process, erosion damage served as the basis of load damage and was affected by different cycles, impacting the development process of load damage. Through the establishment of numerical simulation meso-parameter evolution equations, the PFC2D particle flow model was used to conduct uniaxial simulation tests, and the simulation results were close to the macroscopic test results. Using the particle flow simulation test parameters under salt erosion, the development of the distribution of “displacement-force chain-crack” was analyzed under different salt erosion cycles. These results further revealed the meso-fracture damage characteristics of the Yungang Grottoes sandstone under the action of salt damage and provided a theoretical basis and a novel method for the protection of Yungang Grottoes against weathering.

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Influence of the petrophysical and durability properties of carbonate rocks on the deterioration of historic constructions in Tebessa (northeastern Algeria)

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

Weathering Processes and Mechanisms Caused by Capillary Waters and Pigeon Droppings on Porous Limestones

Weathering Processes and Mechanisms Caused by Capillary Waters and Pigeon Droppings on Porous Limestones

Rock Features and Alteration of Stone Materials Used for the Built Environment: A Review of Recent Publications on Ageing Tests

Study on Strength Damage Evolution Regulation of Sandstone under Cyclic Erosion

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