Influence of the gas injector configuration on the temperature evolution during refueling of on-board hydrogen tanks

Miguel, N. de; Acosta, B.; Moretto, Pietro; Cebolla, R. Ortiz

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.008

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Despite the work required to compress the gas and some mild safety concerns, this technology is mature and widespread with several commercial solutions [ 1 ]. In order to maximize the efficiency and contain the costs of storing compressed hydrogen in automotive applications, materials should be lightweight while maintaining mechanical performance [ 7 , 8 ]. For this reason, although different types of cylinders are used for the storage of pressurized hydrogen, one of the most popular solutions is the use of Type IV storage tanks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Failure Mechanism of a High-Density Polyethylene Liner in a Type IV High-Pressure Storage Tank

Rondinella,

Capurso,

Zanocco

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The use of Type IV cylinders for gas storage is becoming more widespread in various sectors, especially in transportation, owing to the lightweight nature of this type of cylinder, which is composed of a polymeric liner that exerts a barrier effect and an outer composite material shell that primarily imparts mechanical strength. In this work, the failure analysis of an HDPE liner in a Type IV cylinder for high-pressure storage was carried out. The breakdown occurred during a cyclic pressure test at room temperature and manifested in the hemispherical head area, as cracks perpendicular to the liner pinch-off line. The failed sample was thoroughly investigated and its characteristics were compared with those of other liners at different stages of production of a Type IV cylinder (blow molding, curing of the composite material). An examination of the liner showed that no significant chemical and morphological changes occurred during the production cycle of a Type IV cylinder that could justify the liner rupture, and that the most likely cause of failure was a design-related fatigue phenomenon.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Failure Mechanism of a High-Density Polyethylene Liner in a Type IV High-Pressure Storage Tank

Rondinella,

Capurso,

Zanocco

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…Compressed hydrogen can be used in fuel-cell electric vehicles or hydrogen-fueled combustion engines. ,, To facilitate and increase the use of hydrogen-driven vehicles, hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs) should provide compressed hydrogen to fuel-cell electric vehicles or internal combustion hydrogen engines . Current vehicle technologies allow direct on-board hydrogen storage with pressures up to 700 bar inside the tank. ,,,, This allows a driving range of at least 500 km. ,,− To meet the target refueling time (3–4 min), , a large pressure difference is required when filling the hydrogen tank, e.g ., the pressure of compressed hydrogen before entering the vehicle should be as high as 875 bar . Therefore, energy- and cost-efficient hydrogen compression technologies are required for operating refueling stations at these high pressures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the compressed hydrogen gas enters the on-board storage tank, it follows directly from the first law of thermodynamics of an open system that the temperature of hydrogen inside the tank rises. A similar effect happens for the isenthalpic expansion of hydrogen ( e.g ., using a throttle) due to the negative Joule–Thomson coefficient of hydrogen at high pressures. , To protect the mechanical integrity of the tank, the maximum temperature limit of the hydrogen in the process of filling should not exceed 85 °C. ,, To avoid high temperatures inside the hydrogen tank, precooling is required before refueling to bring the temperature of compressed hydrogen down between −33 and −40 °C. ,, A complete hydrogen fueling protocol is compiled by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) in “Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles (SAE J2601)”. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water Content on Thermodynamic Properties of Compressed Hydrogen

Rahbari

Garcia-Navarro²,

Ramdin

et al. 2021

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Force field-based molecular simulations were used to calculate thermal expansivities, heat capacities, and Joule− Thomson coefficients of binary (standard) hydrogen−water mixtures for temperatures between 366.15 and 423.15 K and pressures between 50 and 1000 bar. The mole fraction of water in saturated hydrogen−water mixtures in the gas phase ranges from 0.004 to 0.138. The same properties were calculated for pure hydrogen at 323.15 K and pressures between 100 and 1000 bar. Simulations were performed using the TIP3P and a modified TIP4P force field for water and the Marx, Vrabec, Cracknell, Buch, and Hirschfelder force fields for hydrogen. The vapor−liquid equilibria of hydrogen−water mixtures were calculated along the melting line of ice Ih, corresponding to temperatures between 264.21 and 272.4 K, using the TIP3P force field for water and the Marx force field for hydrogen. In this temperature range, the solubilities and the chemical potentials of hydrogen and water were obtained. Based on the computed solubility data of hydrogen in water, the freezing-point depression of water was computed ranging from 264.21 to 272.4 K. The modified TIP4P and Marx force fields were used to improve the solubility calculations of hydrogen− water mixtures reported in our previous study et al. J. Chem. Eng. Data 2019, 64, 4103−4115] for temperatures between 323 and 423 K and pressures ranging from 100 to 1000 bar. The chemical potentials of ice Ih were calculated as a function of pressure between 100 and 1000 bar, along the melting line for temperatures between 264.21 and 272.4 K, using the IAPWS equation of state for ice Ih. We show that at low pressures, the presence of water has a large effect on the thermodynamic properties of compressed hydrogen. Our conclusions may have consequences for the energetics of a hydrogen refueling station using electrochemical hydrogen compressors.

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“…There are several previous studies on estimation of end temperature and pressure using computational methods . Some of the studies have reported the influence of initial temperature/pressure, precooling strategies, filling time, nozzle geometry, turbulence on end temperature, pressure, and density . A few studies reported the role of heat transfer in refueling, which includes the thermal analysis of the filling process, heat loss modeling, thermal, and mechanical behavior of storage tanks .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21][22][23][24][25][26] Some of the studies have reported the influence of initial temperature/pressure, precooling strategies, filling time, nozzle geometry, turbulence on end temperature, pressure, and density. [27][28][29][30][31] A few studies reported the role of heat transfer in refueling, which includes the thermal analysis of the filling process, heat loss modeling, thermal, and mechanical behavior of storage tanks. [32][33][34] In all of these studies, researchers have used the different volume of tanks such as 40, 70, 74, 23, 150 L of type III and 29, 37, and 19 L of type IV tank for experimental and simulation work at maximum pressure of 35 and 70 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of compressed hydrogen refueling process of 60 L type IV tank used in fuel cell vehicles

et al. 2019

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Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle provides the significant advantage of high energy conversion efficiency and zero emission. Efficient hydrogen storage methods are vital for successful implementation of the hydrogen‐related technologies. Compressed hydrogen storage has been considered as a promising option in recently commercialized hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The short filling time and high state of charge of compressed hydrogen storage tank are an essential requirement for fuel cell vehicles. This study presents the detail investigation of refueling compressed storage tank using computational fluid dynamics simulation and heat capacity model. The goal of the simulation is to identify the end temperature and state of charge. Initially, the mathematical model of end temperature and state charge is formulated. Later, the overall heat transfer involved in the refueling process is investigated by heat capacity model based on MC method defined by SAE J2601. The density obtains from the simulation is compared with the National Institute of Standards and Technology database. The SE in simulated results for the state of charge is reduced to <1% after applying the heat capacity method. The results may shade light on better understanding the refueling process of compressed hydrogen storage for fuel cell vehicle.

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Influence of the gas injector configuration on the temperature evolution during refueling of on-board hydrogen tanks

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Study of the Failure Mechanism of a High-Density Polyethylene Liner in a Type IV High-Pressure Storage Tank

Study of the Failure Mechanism of a High-Density Polyethylene Liner in a Type IV High-Pressure Storage Tank

Effect of Water Content on Thermodynamic Properties of Compressed Hydrogen

Investigation of compressed hydrogen refueling process of 60 L type IV tank used in fuel cell vehicles

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