On-board compressed hydrogen storage Fast filling Refueling protocols Hydrogen precooling State of charge a b s t r a c t Short refueling time and high final state of charge are among the main hydrogen car user's requirements. To meet these requirements, without exceeding the tank materials safety limits, hydrogen precooling is needed. Filling experiments with different inlet gas temperatures and mass flow rates have been executed using two different types of on-board tanks (type 3 and 4). State of charge has a strong dependency on the inlet gas temperature. This dependency is more visible for type 4 tanks. Lowest precooling temperature (À40 C) is not always required in order to meet user's requirements, so energy savings can be achieved if the initial conditions of the tank are correctly identified. The results of the experiments performed have been compared with the SAE J2601 look-up tables for noncommunication fillings. A big safety margin has been observed in these tables. Refueling could be performed faster and with less demanding precooling requirements if the initial conditions and the configuration of the hydrogen storage system are well known.
A structured reaction system in the form of an Ni‐MgO catalyst reduced to nanoscale particle size and coated on a metallic monolith proved to be an active and stable system for methane steam reforming under a steam‐to‐carbon ratio of 1.5 and a temperature of 700 °C. The catalyst‐coated monolith exhibited higher stability and much higher CH4 conversion than the same catalyst in a catalyst particle bed reaction system. The high activity is attributed to the properties of the metal monolith and to the small size of the catalyst particles on the coating, while the stability is ascribed to the NiO‐MgO solid solution formed in the Ni‐MgO catalyst. These results are better than the corresponding ones obtained with a conventional Ni‐Al2O3 catalyst reported previously [1] and comparable to the ones presented in the literature, with the advantage of working under a low steam‐to‐carbon ratio.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.