Influence of the complex formation on the morphology of lead powder particles produced by the electrodeposition processes

Nikolić, Nebojša D.; Vastag, Djendji; Živković, Predrag; Jokić, Bojan; Branković, Goran

doi:10.1016/j.apt.2012.12.008

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the case of silver, the rapid increase in the current density with increasing overpotential is ascribed to the activation controlled electrodeposition at the tips of dendrites. This polarization behaviour for Ag is similar to the polarization characteristics of the normal metals (the high j 0 , the high hydrogen overpotential) [41,42]. In the case of copper, the fast growth of the current density after the inflection point is due to competition between the hydrogen evolution reaction and the copper electrodeposition process.…”

Section: The Transitional Characteristics Of the Intermediate Metals supporting

confidence: 73%

Comparative analysis of the polarization and morphological characteristics of electrochemically produced powder forms of the intermediate metals

Nikolić

Živković²,

Jokić³

et al. 2014

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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The polarization and morphological characteristics of powder forms of the group of the intermediate metals were examined by the analysis of silver and copper electrodeposition processes at high overpotentials. The pine-like dendrites constructed from the corncob-like forms, which are very similar to each other, were obtained by electrodeposition of these metals at the overpotential belonging to the plateaus of the limiting diffusion current density. A completely different situation was observed by the electrodeposition of silver and copper at the overpotential outside the plateaus of the limiting diffusion current density in the zone with the fast increase in current density with the overpotential. Silver dendrites, which were very similar to silver and copper dendrites obtained inside the plateaus of the limiting diffusion current density, were obtained at the overpotential outside the plateau. Due to the lower overpotential for hydrogen evolution for copper, hydrogen produced during the copper electrodeposition process strongly affected the surface morphology of copper. The same shape polarization curves with completely different surface morphologies of Cu and Ag electrodeposited at overpotentials after the inflection point clearly indicate the importance of morphological analysis in the investigation of polarization characteristics of the electrodeposition systems. The role of hydrogen as a crucial parameter in the continuous change of copper surface morphology from dendrites to honeycomb-like structures was investigated in detail. On the basis of this analysis, the transitional character of the intermediate metals between the normal and inert metals was considered. The typical powder forms characterising electrodeposition of the intermediate metals were also defined and systematized.Keywords: electrodeposition; copper; silver; dendrite; hydrogen; pores; cauliflower-like forms СПОРЕДБА НА ПОЛАРИЗАЦИОНИТЕ И МОРФОЛОШКИТЕ КАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ НА ЕЛЕКТРОХЕМИСКИ СОЗДАДЕНИ ПРАШКОВИДНИ ОБЛИЦИ НА ИНТЕРМЕДИЈАРНИ МЕТАЛИПреку анализа на процесите на електродепозиција на сребро и бакар при високи пренапони беа испитувани и споредувани поларизационите и морфолошките карактеристики на прашоци од интермедијарни метали. При електродепозиција на овие метали со пренапони што припаѓаат на платото на гранична дифузиона густина на струјата, беа добиени дендрити во вид на бор изградени од елементи слични на кочан од пченка, кои се многу слични еден на друг. Наполно поинаква состојба беше утврдена при електродепозиција на овие метали со пренапони надвор од платото на гранична дифузиона густина на струја во делот на брз пораст на густината на струјата. Дендрити на среброто, многу слични на оние на дендритите на сребро и бакар добиени при пренапони што припаѓаат на платото на гранична дифузиона густина на струјата, беа добиени при пренапони надвор од оние на платото. Поради помалиот пренапон за издвојување на водород врз бакар, водородот создаден врз овој метал нагласено ја менуваше морфологијата на површината на бакарот. Истиот облик на п...

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Section: The Transitional Characteristics Of the Intermediate Metals supporting

confidence: 73%

Comparative analysis of the polarization and morphological characteristics of electrochemically produced powder forms of the intermediate metals

Nikolić

Živković²,

Jokić³

et al. 2014

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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“…The effect of the type of electrolyte and, consequently, the rate of the electrochemical process on morphological characteristics of Ag, was larger than in the case of lead, which can be explained by a comparison of the strength of complexes made with Pb and the acetate ions and Ag with the ammonium ions [34]. Namely, Pb makes weaker complexes with the acetate ions than Ag with the ammonium ions, and the strength of this Pb complex was not enough high to transfer Pb from the group of the normal metals into the group of the intermediate metals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Namely, Pb makes weaker complexes with the acetate ions than Ag with the ammonium ions, and the strength of this Pb complex was not enough high to transfer Pb from the group of the normal metals into the group of the intermediate metals. The plateau of the limiting diffusion current density was only for about 10 mV wider for the acetate than for the nitrate electrolyte, and slightly shifted to the higher overpotentials at the polarization curve [34]. The 2D needle-like dendrites and irregular crystals predominately formed by Pb electrodeposition from the nitrate electrolytes [6] were very similar to Ag particles formed from the same type of electrolyte.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Comparative Morphological and Crystallographic Analysis of Electrochemically- and Chemically-Produced Silver Powder Particles

Avramović

Pavlović

Maksimović

et al. 2017

Metals

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Silver powders chemically synthesized by reduction with hydrazine and those produced by electrolysis from the basic (nitrate) and complex (ammonium) electrolytes were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of the produced particles. Morphologies of the obtained particles were very different at the macro level. The needle-like dendrites, as well as the mixture of irregular and regular crystals, were formed from the nitrate electrolyte, while the highly-branched pine-like dendrites with clearly noticeable spherical grains were formed from the ammonium electrolyte. The agglomerates of spherical grains were formed by reduction with hydrazine. In the particles obtained from the nitrate electrolyte, Ag crystallites were strongly oriented in the (111) plane. Although morphologies of Ag particles were very different at the macro level, the similarity at the micro level was observed between chemically-synthesized particles and those obtained by electrolysis from the ammonium electrolyte. Both types of particles were constructed from the spherical grains. This similarity at the micro level was accompanied by the similar XRD patterns, which were very close to the Ag standard with a random orientation of Ag crystallites. For the first time, morphologies of powder particles were correlated with their crystal structure.

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“…This metal can be obtained by the processes of electrochemical deposition in various forms from granules and wires at sub-micrometer or nanometer scale to dendrites of the different shape [5,[7][8][9][10][11][12]. Formation of new phases generally occur through nucleation and growth mechanisms and the complete insight in formation of the final electrodeposited form can be only obtained by consideration of the both these mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The potentiostatic current transients and the role of local diffusion fields in formation of the 2D lead dendrites from the concentrated electrolyte

Nikolić

Popov

Ivanović

et al. 2015

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Influence of the complex formation on the morphology of lead powder particles produced by the electrodeposition processes

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Comparative analysis of the polarization and morphological characteristics of electrochemically produced powder forms of the intermediate metals

Comparative analysis of the polarization and morphological characteristics of electrochemically produced powder forms of the intermediate metals

Comparative Morphological and Crystallographic Analysis of Electrochemically- and Chemically-Produced Silver Powder Particles

The potentiostatic current transients and the role of local diffusion fields in formation of the 2D lead dendrites from the concentrated electrolyte

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