Influence of Temperature Polarization on Separation by Membrane Distillation

Záarate, J. M. Ortiz De; Velázquez, A.; Peña, Luis Manuel; Mengual, J.I.

doi:10.1080/01496399308018048

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…where the subscripts m; b; f ; p indicate the membrane, bulk, and feed and permeate surfaces, respectively. A small value of h ( 0.2) signifies a limited heat transfer DCMD system [17][18]43].…”

Section: Thermal Efficiency and Tpcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refinery processed water treatment via the low energy Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)

Kadi

Janajreh

Hashaikeh

et al. 2019

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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The amount of refinery water discharged to the environment from oil industry has increased vigorously in current times. Recent research has been focusing on the use of membrane technology for the refinery processed water treatment. Membrane Distillation (MD) is an emerging technology that has been highly marked by its low-energy requirement and high desalination efficiency. However, conventional MD membranes (i.e. PVDF) are not feasible for oil-water separation processes. That is due to the oleo-philic property of the membrane and thus, causes membrane fouling and halts the production of mass flux. An anti-oil-fouling membrane is essential for a successful oil-water separation by MD. Underwater-oleophobic as well as omniphobic are two different approaches in fabricating such membranes. The former approach is based on the asymmetric surface wettability, whereas the latter is attributed to the surface structure that is characterized by having a very large contact angle for all liquids. However, such composite membranes are characterized by their lower porosity, smaller pore size, but with unique surface slippage, in comparable with the conventional PVDF membranes. As such, in this work, high fidelity numerical simulation of DCMD is performed using non-isothermal Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) validated model in order to assess the role of the anti-oil-fouling membrane properties on the performance of the DCMD. Results are presented in terms of temperature polarization coefficient, mass flux, latent heat flux, and thermal efficiency. Results show the compromising effect of membrane porosity to 45% reduces the mass flux and thermal efficiency respectively by 68% and 40%, and reduction of pore size to the half (i.e. 50 nm) can cause a reduction by 50.6% in mass flux and 24.18% in thermal efficiency compared to the baseline (i.e. 100 nm). On the other hand, the omniphobic slippage effect leads to a noticeable gain of 16% in DCMD mass flux with slight gain in thermal efficiency. This can maximize mass flux and thermal efficiency to be as much as 50.3 kg/m2 h and 69%, respectively.

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Section: Thermal Efficiency and Tpcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refinery processed water treatment via the low energy Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)

Kadi

Janajreh

Hashaikeh

et al. 2019

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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“…De Zaarate et al (1993) have examined the mass transport in MD using a stirring device to study the effect of stirring rate on MD flux. The experiments were performed using three PTFE membranes and three sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions with different concentration as feed to the process.…”

Section: 5-state Of the Art In Membrane Distillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation into Hydrophobic Membrane Fouling in Desalination Using Membrane Distillation Technology

Al-Obaidli

2016

Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings Volume 2016 Issue 1

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“…Although the membranes of MD systems are less likely to foul since vapor is the fluids that passes through, a major problem known as "Temperature polarization" occur across the membrane [93]. This problem arises from heat losses due to the boundary layers on both sides that reduce the effective temperature difference for the evaporation process.…”

Section: Membrane Distillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Desalination Using Solar Energy

Antar

2015

AMR

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Water desalination is receiving increasing attention due to water scarcity in many places in the world. Although two third of the earth is covered with water, most of this water is salty (97.5%) and therefore not suitable for human, animal or plant needs. Furthermore, most of the fresh water available throughout the work is not accessible such as icebergs and some deep ground water. Water uneven distribution throughout the world creates another problem of water scarcities in arid places. Africa and Middle East are having the smallest share of natural, pure water resources. Fortunately, these areas of arid climate and low fresh water are rich in the most significant renewable energy source, solar energy. In this chapter, the potential of the utilization of renewable energy sources is discussed. Several desalination techniques that can be powered by renewable energy are discussed. Those techniques include the non-conventional ones such as the solar stills, humidification dehumidification desalination and membrane distillation. What is common within all of these techniques is the relatively low temperatures needed to operate the plants (around 80 °C) that can be afforded easily using solar collectors for heating water (and sometimes air). Several layouts of humidification dehumidification systems and membrane distillation system are also discussed in details taking into consideration the improvement of performance due to energy recovery systems and the recent trends of such technologies. Although the solar energy is basically free source of energy, how good this energy is utilized in operating the desalination systems is considered in the gain output ratio (GOR) that allows for comparison of different systems comparison and shows the room for improvement.

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Influence of Temperature Polarization on Separation by Membrane Distillation

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Refinery processed water treatment via the low energy Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)

Refinery processed water treatment via the low energy Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)

An Investigation into Hydrophobic Membrane Fouling in Desalination Using Membrane Distillation Technology

Water Desalination Using Solar Energy

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