Influence of temperature and composition of NaOH–KOH and NaOH–LiOH electrolytes on the performance of a direct carbon fuel cell

Kacprzak, Andrzej; Kobyłecki, Rafał; Bis, Zbigniew

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.03.159

Cited by 53 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The feasibility of employing various types of biochar materials, derived from apple, energetic willow, sunflower husks and pine, in a DCFC with a molten hydroxide electrolyte, was explored by Kacprzak et al 25,26 and power densities in the range of 18.3 to 22.4 mW.cm -2 have been obtained. Munnings et al 27 assessed the viability of using both high grade (coconut char) and low grade (agricultural waste derived biochar) biomass derived fuels in a DCFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of biochar as feedstock in a direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell

et al. 2015

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The feasibility of employing biochar as a fuel in a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) or a hybrid carbon fuel cell (HCFC) is investigated in the present study, by utilizing bare biochar or biochar/carbonate mixture as feedstock, respectively. Three different types of biochars, i.e., pistachio shells (PI), pecan shells (PE) and sawdust (SD) are used as feedstock in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) of a type: Biochar|Co-CeO 2 /YSZ/Ag|Air. All samples were characterized by means of chemical composition (ultimate/proximate analysis), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), to obtain a close correlation between cell performance and biochar characteristics. The electrochemical measurements reveal that the optimum performance, in terms of maximum power density (P max ), is obtained for the PI biochar, which demonstrated a power output of 15.5 mW/cm 2 at 800 o C, compared to 14 and 10 mW/cm 2 for PE and SD biochars, respectively. The obtained cell performance results are interpreted on the basis of biochar physicochemical characteristics and AC impedance spectroscopy studies. The superior performance of PI biochar is attributed to a synergistic effect of several physicochemical characteristics, involving the porosity, the acidity, the volatile matter, the carbon and hydrogen content as well as the population of oxygenated surface functionalities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of biochar as feedstock in a direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell

et al. 2015

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“…The flue gases emitted from a DCFC consist mostly of concentrated CO 2 , which can be stored in geological formations without very expensive separation. Finally, a wide variety of carbonaceous fuels can be used to feed DCFCs, including fossil coal, plastic waste, biomass, and many others [5,6]. Various types of DCFCs have been investigated recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of structural properties of carbon-based fuels on efficiency of direct carbon fuel cells

Dudek

Sitarz

Tomczyk

2014

J Solid State Electrochem

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This research is focused on the effect of supplying solid oxide fuel cells with different graphite and carbon black powders on the cells' efficiency. Before being tested in the fuel cell, the structures of carbon-based fuels were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis method (DTA/TG). Total electrical conductivity measurements were also carried out for carbon samples. The relation between the structure and morphology of solid particles and their performance in direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFC) was presented and discussed. It was found that structurally disordered carbon-based materials are the most promising fuels for oxidation in DC-SOFCs.

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“…The results indicated that the best electrolytes due to the obtained electrical parameters achieved by the cell were mixtures of NaOH and KOH with mole ratio of 1:1 and NaOH and LiOH with mole ratio of 9:1 (see Figure C). Considering the lowest temperature of the fuel cell and the highest obtained power densities, the eutectic mixture of NaOH‐KOH turned out to be the best electrolyte …”

Section: Czestochowa University Of Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type of electrolyte determines both configuration of the device and operating temperature. There are four basic types of electrolytes: molten carbonates, solid oxide ceramics (mostly Yttria‐Stabilized Zirconia), water solutions of hydroxides, and molten hydroxides . Since recently, cells which combine two electrolytes (molten carbonate and solid oxide), so‐called hybrid DCFCs, have also been developed .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxide electrolyte direct carbon fuel cells—Technology review

Kacprzak

2018

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Among numerous modern high‐performance energy technologies that allow for conversion of chemical energy into electricity and heat, the most interesting are direct carbon fuel cells (DCFCs). They are the only ones among all types of fuel cells that allow for a direct conversion of chemical energy stored in the solid fuel (carbon) into electricity. Furthermore, they are characterized by high performance, which is not limited due to the Carnot's rule, low emissions of such substances as SO2, NOx, fly ashes and others, and a relatively simple design since there are no moving components. Nowadays, DCFCs have been developed all over the world. These cells differ first and foremost in the electrolyte they use. The type of electrolyte determines both configuration of the device and operating temperature. The paper discusses current state of knowledge concerning DCFC technology with alkaline (hydroxide) electrolyte and presents the results of research and development studies concerning such cells all over the world. Furthermore, main factors and parameters that impact on the operation of individual cells and potential challenges that have to be overcome in order to develop these technologies were characterized and discussed.

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Influence of temperature and composition of NaOH–KOH and NaOH–LiOH electrolytes on the performance of a direct carbon fuel cell

Cited by 53 publications

References 7 publications

Assessment of biochar as feedstock in a direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell

Assessment of biochar as feedstock in a direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell

Effect of structural properties of carbon-based fuels on efficiency of direct carbon fuel cells

Hydroxide electrolyte direct carbon fuel cells—Technology review

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