“…In this study, in DITM, the evaluated band gap energy for various Ar gas pressure are from 3.23 to 3.32 eV , the increasing of band gap energy can be owing to a corresponding shift in the mean crystallite size which the mean crystallite size affects the optical characteristics obtaining higher band gap energy for thin films with smaller the mean crystallite size. respectively, where the values of optical band gap were reduced by enhancing Ar gas pressure [7,8,26,[38][39][40], Table 3 indicates the obtained results. where shows direct allowed transition with changing of Ar gas pressure [21,37,39,40], the calculated results listed in Table 3.…”