Influence of shade tolerance and development stage on the allometry of ten temperate tree species

Franceschini, Tony; Schneider, Robert

doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3050-3

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Our models predict diameter growth as a function of stem diameter, and because of the nonlinear relationship between stem diameter and biomass, an asymptotic power law relationship between biomass and biomass growth will result in a unimodal and approximately lognormal shape to the relationship between diameter and diameter growth for at least some values of the power law exponent. But the broad range of shapes of the estimated relationships between stem diameter and diameter growth for the 50 species analyzed here (Appendix ) suggests that there indeed is a broad range of ontogenetic size relationships possible among tree species (Franceschini and Schneider , Iida et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The demography of tree species response to climate: sapling and canopy tree growth

Canham

Murphy

2016

Ecosphere

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Citation: Canham, C. D., and L. Murphy. 2016. The demography of tree species response to climate: sapling and canopy tree growth. Ecosphere 7(10):e01474. 10. 1002/ecs2.1474 Abstract. Despite the clear need to predict the effects of climate change on the distribution and abundance of temperate tree species, there is still only a rudimentary understanding of how climate influences key demographic processes that determine the current distribution and abundance of tree species. We use data from the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program to quantify the relationships between two key climate variables-mean annual temperature and effective growing season precipitation-and rates of sapling and canopy tree growth for the 50 most common tree species in the eastern United States. Our models include the effects of tree size, competition, and anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition, both to avoid confounding effects and to provide context for the importance of variation in climate relative to other factors known to influence tree growth. The 50 species show a broad range of relationships between size and growth, in contrast to predictions of metabolic theory. The 50 species differ widely in shade tolerance, and both saplings and canopy trees show a wide range of competitive responses to total stand basal area. The competitive responses of canopy trees were more sensitive than were saplings to the size of an individual relative to the median size of trees in the stand. As has been shown in other studies with FIA data, species responses to N deposition also varied widely and were related to the type of mycorrhizal association of the tree species. Relationships between the two climate variables and tree growth were surprisingly modest, and bore little obvious relationship to the distributions of the species along climate gradients. For over a quarter of the species, there was no statistical support for a relationship between 5-yr average growing season precipitation and 5-yr average growth, and for most of the remaining species, the relationship was effectively flat over a wide range of precipitation. Responses to regional variation in mean annual temperature were stronger, but again showed little obvious correlation with the distribution of abundance of most species along the temperature gradient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The demography of tree species response to climate: sapling and canopy tree growth

Canham

Murphy

2016

Ecosphere

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“…Experimental studies on seed germination together with studies on seedling, juvenile and adult plants reveal important temporal changes in the traits conferring shade tolerance, in the dimensions of the ecological niche and in the nature and strength of plant-plant interactions during the lifetime of a plant (Miriti 2006;Quero et al 2008). Recent studies have shown that the influence of shade tolerance on biomass allocation can differ in juvenile and adult trees of the same species (Franceschini and Schneider 2014;Grubb 2015) Light partitioning, species coexistence and the niche There is a consensus that shade tolerance is at the heart of many ecological processes scaling from populations to ecosystems (Smith and Huston 1989;Zavala et al 2007;Laanisto and Niinemets 2015). In particular, interspecific differences in the ability to compete for light and in shade tolerance are considered key determinants of forest stand structure and dynamics.…”

Section: Ontogenetic Effects: Shade Tolerance From Seedlings To Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding light on shade: ecological perspectives of understorey plant life

Valladares

Laanisto

Niinemets

et al. 2016

Plant Ecology & Diversity

223

174

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Shade, in ecological sense, is not merely a lack of light, but a multi-faceted phenomenon that creates new and complex settings for community and ecosystem dynamics. Tolerating shade therefore affects plants' ability to cope with other stressors, and also shape its interactions with surrounding organisms. The aim of this broad review was to map our current knowledge about how shade affects plants, plant communities and ecosystems -to gather together knowledge of what we know, but also to point out what we do not yet know. This review covers the following topics: the nature of shade, and ecological and physiological complexities related to growing under a canopy; plants' capability of tolerating other stress factors while living under a shade -resource trade-offs and polytolerance of abiotic stress; ontogenetic effects of shade tolerance; coexistence patterns under the canopy -how shade determines the forest structure and diversity; shade-induced abiotic dynamics in understorey vegetation, including changing patterns of irradiance, temperature and humidity under the canopy; shade-driven plant-plant and plant-animal interactions -how shade mediates facilitation and stress, and how it creates differentiated environment for different herbivores and pollinators, including the role of volatile organic compounds. We also discuss the ways how vegetation in understorey environments will be affected by climate change, as shade might play a significant role in mitigating negative effects of climate change. Our review shows that living under a shade affects biotic and abiotic stress tolerance of plants, it also influences the outcomes of both symbiotic and competitive plant-plant and plant-animal interactions in a complex and dynamic manner. The current knowledge of shade-related mechanisms is rather ample, however there is much room for progress in integrating different implications of the multifaceted nature of shade into consistent and integral understanding how communities and ecosystems function.

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“…Possible lidar data underestimation of tree height due the 5 years growth discrepancy between lidar data collection (2003) and field measurements was considered minimal. Analysed forests were at the mature stage (20-30 years old) therefore minimal growth was assumed (Brassard et al 2009;Franceschini and Schneider 2014). Trees with diameters smaller than 5 cm were excluded.…”

Section: Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating forest aboveground biomass by low density lidar data in mixed broad-leaved forests in the Italian Pre-Alps

et al. 2015

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Background: Estimation of forest biomass on the regional and global scale is of great importance. Many studies have demonstrated that lidar is an accurate tool for estimating forest aboveground biomass. However, results vary with forest types, terrain conditions and the quality of the lidar data. Methods: In this study, we investigated the utility of low density lidar data (<2 points•m −2 ) for estimating forest aboveground biomass in the mountainous forests of northern Italy. As a study site we selected a 4 km 2 area in the Valsassina mountains in Lombardy Region. The site is characterized by mixed and broad-leaved forests with variable stand densities and tree species compositions, being representative for the entire Pre-Alps region in terms of type of forest and geomorphology. We measured and determined tree height, DBH and tree species for 27 randomly located circular plots (radius =10 m) in May 2008. We used allometric equations to calculate total aboveground tree biomass and subsequently plot-level aboveground biomass (mg•ha Conclusions: Low-density lidar data can be used to develop a forest aboveground biomass model from plot-level lidar height measurements with acceptable accuracies. In order to monitoring the National Forest Inventory, and respond to Kyoto protocol requirements, this analysis might be applied to a larger area.

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Influence of shade tolerance and development stage on the allometry of ten temperate tree species

Cited by 34 publications

References 50 publications

The demography of tree species response to climate: sapling and canopy tree growth

The demography of tree species response to climate: sapling and canopy tree growth

Shedding light on shade: ecological perspectives of understorey plant life

Estimating forest aboveground biomass by low density lidar data in mixed broad-leaved forests in the Italian Pre-Alps

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