Influence of SEN on Flow, Solidification, and Solute Transport in Bloom Casting Mold

Fang, Qing; Ni, Hongwei; Zhang, Hua; Bao, Wan-Su; Song, Xiao; Liu, Chengsong

doi:10.1007/s11837-018-2770-y

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[40,41] Till now, many studies have been conducted regarding the flow, heat transfer, solidification, and solute transport in the bloom mold with M-EMS. [14,[42][43][44][45] Moreover, Xu et al [13] built a water model of bloom mold in the laboratory to study the effect of SEN structure on two-phase flow and indicated that the fluid flow is more reasonable when the four-port SEN is used. But the two-phase flow and its associated phenomena in the bloom mold with M-EMS have been rarely reported.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/srin202100848mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation for Two‐Phase Flow, Heat Transfer, and Inclusion Transport in Bloom Mold Considering the Effects of Argon Gas Injection and Mold Electromagnetic Stirring

Xuan

Chen

2022

steel research int.

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During the continuous casting process, the fluid flow is a critical factor that affects the heat transfer and the inclusion transport, which, in turn, determines the final quality of steel products. Argon gas injection (AGI) is widely employed to prevent submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging in the slab mold. [1,2] After entering the mold, argon bubbles alter the flow pattern, promote inclusion floating, and improve the melting of mold flux. [1][2][3][4] However, a large amount of argon gas can lead to increased level fluctuations, uneven distribution of mold flux, and even slag entrainment. [1,3,5] Moreover, argon bubbles may be captured by the solidified shell and become surface defects. [6,7] Fortunately, the aforementioned negative effects can be reduced by suitable operating parameters and electromagnetic technologies to meet quality requirements. [2,3,[8][9][10] Because of these beneficial effects, AGI is used in the bloom mold of Hebei Iron & Steel Group Hansteel Company, [11] Angang Steel Company Limited, [12] Nanjing Iron and Steel Company Limited [13] to improve the castability of alloy steels that are prone to clogging. However, due to the small cross-sectional area of the bloom mold, surface defects from captured bubbles are more serious. [12] As a widely used electromagnetic technology, mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) can enhance molten steel flow, [14] promote superheat dissipation, [15] and improve the equiaxed crystals ratio, [16] more importantly, it can reduce bubbles captured by the solidified shell in the slab mold [17][18][19] and the bloom mold. [12] Despite these advantages of M-EMS, the double action of M-EMS and AGI may cause more level fluctuations, which has been reported in the slab mold [20] but not in the bloom mold. Therefore, to provide theoretical guidance for quality improvement and AGI application, it is essential to investigate the effects of AGI and M-EMS on fluid flow, temperature distribution, and inclusion removal in the bloom mold.Many experimental researches have been performed to investigate the two-phase flow of molten steel and argon gas in the SEN and mold regions using water models [21][22][23][24][25] and liquid metal models. [26][27][28][29] In the water model, it is easy to capture the twophase flow but difficult to consider the effect of the magnetic field because of the low electrical conductivity of water. Although the liquid metal model can apply the magnetic field, the two-phase flow in the mold is hard to visualize. Thus, numerical simulation is widely used to investigate the two-phase flow in the mold. Several studies investigated the effect of AGI on the flow field, [3,7,[30][31][32][33] temperature distribution, [3,30] initial solidification, [3] inclusion removal, [7,31,33] and slag-steel interfacial behavior, [1,4,5,32]

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Section: Doi: 101002/srin202100848mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation for Two‐Phase Flow, Heat Transfer, and Inclusion Transport in Bloom Mold Considering the Effects of Argon Gas Injection and Mold Electromagnetic Stirring

Xuan

Chen

2022

steel research int.

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“…Effect of EMS on the Flow Field without SEN Clogging The SEN clogging will break the symmetry of the flow field in the mold, and the flow field has a significant influence on the slab quality. 43) As an effective flow control technology, EMS has been applied to modify the flow field in the continuous casting mold for many years. 34,35,44) Therefore, EMS is introduced to improve the asymmetrical flow field due to the SEN clogging in this study.…”

Section: Effect Of Ems On the Flow With Sen Clogging Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Modeling of Asymmetrical Flow in Slab Continuous Casting Mold due to Submerged Entry Nozzle Clogging with the Effect of Electromagnetic Stirring

Shen

et al. 2019

ISIJ Int.

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Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) clogging is a serious problem for continuous casting process and slab quality. In order to investigate the impact of the SEN clogging rate on the flow field and the optimization effect of electromagnetic stirring (EMS) on the asymmetrical flow due to the SEN clogging, a 1:5 scaled mercury model, with various SEN clogging rates and different electromagnetic stirring currents was established and the flow velocity was measured by means of Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry (UDV). S index is introduced to judge quantitatively whether the horizontal flow pattern is symmetrical or not. The results show that the symmetry of the flow pattern in the mold becomes broken with the increase of the SEN clogging rate. In this study, EMS is an effective method to increase S index and active the free surface flow when the SEN clogging rate is under 50%. However, the stirring current of EMS should be controlled to avoid the adverse surface flow which may induce slag entrapment.

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“…Based on the idea, Sun et al [12,13] proposed a quad-furcated swirling flow nozzle (SFN) to make the molten steel flow out of the side hole that can swirl to wash the initial solidified shell, and the feasibility of improving the internal quality of strand by SFN through the establishment of a 3D numerical model including flow, heat transfer, solidification, and solute transport and the industrial production was demonstrated. Fang et al [14,15] analyzed the metallurgical behavior of the mold under different types of multiport nozzle using the similar 3D macroscopic transport model, and found that the jet flow out from the side port would wash the shell, then slow its growth, and lead to the negative subsurface segregation. Wang et al [16] compared the fluid flow, solidification, and solute transport in mold under one-port, two-port, and four-port SENs, and found that the temperature on the top surface and the negative segregation near the bloom surface gradually decrease with the number of ports decreasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing of Submerged Entry Nozzle for Bloom Continuous Casting Based on Physical and Numerical Simulation

Wang

Tie

Xiao

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Herein, a physical model with a geometric similarity ratio of 1:1 and a 3D numerical model of macrosegregation are established to study the initial metallurgy behavior of the 410 mm Â 530 mm section bloom continuous casting (CC). The results show that the average wave height, liquid surface velocity, and washing velocity of the five-port nozzle are greater than those of the straight nozzle, but the center temperature and the temperature gradient at the solidification front are lower. Meanwhile, the diagonally installed five-port nozzle can avoid the excessive washing effect under the orthogonally installed five-port nozzle, which improves the minimum subsurface negative segregation index, which is increased from 0.753 to 0.802. For the Steel 45 bloom CC process, when the straight nozzle is changed to the diagonally installed five-port nozzle, the length of the equiaxed crystal zone is increased from 97.5 to 198.5 mm, and the asymmetry of the solidification structure is improved.

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Influence of SEN on Flow, Solidification, and Solute Transport in Bloom Casting Mold

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Numerical Simulation for Two‐Phase Flow, Heat Transfer, and Inclusion Transport in Bloom Mold Considering the Effects of Argon Gas Injection and Mold Electromagnetic Stirring

Numerical Simulation for Two‐Phase Flow, Heat Transfer, and Inclusion Transport in Bloom Mold Considering the Effects of Argon Gas Injection and Mold Electromagnetic Stirring

Physical Modeling of Asymmetrical Flow in Slab Continuous Casting Mold due to Submerged Entry Nozzle Clogging with the Effect of Electromagnetic Stirring

Optimizing of Submerged Entry Nozzle for Bloom Continuous Casting Based on Physical and Numerical Simulation

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