Influence of selected factors on the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes phyla and the Lactobacillaceae family in the digestive tract of sheep

Cholewińska, Paulina; Wołoszyńska, Magdalena; Michalak, Marta; Czyż, Katarzyna; Rant, W.; Smoliński, Jakub; Wyrostek, Anna; Wojnarowski, Konrad

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03207-w

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These changes might be associated with the high fiber content in the silybum marianum meal (Koh et al, 2016). In ruminants, Bacteroidetes are mainly responsible for the degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin, and Firmicutes are mainly responsible for the decomposition of exogenous peptides and amino acids (Cholewińska et al, 2021). In our study, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla in the rumen of lambs from the SIL group was higher which was in line with reports for the gut of healthy lambs (Gebeyew et al, 2021).…”

Section: A B Figuresupporting

confidence: 90%

An integrated transcriptome and microbial community analysis reveals potential mechanisms for increased immune responses when replacing silybum marianum meal with soybean meal in growing lambs

Zhang

Ren²,

Gebeyew³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Silybum marianum meal is a by-product that remains silymarin complex and is perceived as a potential-protein source. The potential and its mechanism of silybum marianum meal as a protein supplement in ruminants were evaluated by testing the growth performance, biochemical parameters, cytokine levels, gut transcriptome and microbial community profiles. Forty-two male Hulunbeier growing lambs (aged about 3-month-old; averaged body weight of 21.55 kg) were randomly divided into the CON (with 10% soybean meal) and SIL groups (with 10% silybum marianum meal). There was no significant difference in growth performance, feed intakes, or serum biochemical parameters between CON and SIL. The serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, HGF, and VEGF were all increased (p < 0.05) in the SIL group as compared with the CON group. Transcriptome gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that the core genes in the rumen from SIL group were enriched with fructose and mannose metabolism, while the core genes in the ileum were enriched for three biological process, including digestive tract development, positive regulation of MAPK cascade, and regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. The 16S rDNA results showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Synergistetes, and Verrucomicrobia in the rumen from SIL group was significantly higher than that in CON group (p < 0.05), whereas Proteobacteria was significantly lower than that in CON group (p < 0.05). The LEfSe analysis showed that the genera Pyramidobacter, Saccharofermentans, Anaerovibrio, Oscillibacter and Barnesiella were enriched in the rumen from SIL group, whereas Sharpea was enriched in the CON group (LDA > 2). In the ileum, there were no significant differences in the phylum-level classification of microbes observed. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus in the ileum from SIL group were significantly higher than that in the CON group (p < 0.05), whereas the relative abundance of Clostridium_XI was lower (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that Clostridium_XI was negatively correlated with VEGF, TGF-β, TNF-α and HGF (p < 0.05). Core genes BMP4 and CD4 were negatively correlated with Clostridium_XI (p < 0.05). Our results indicated that supplementing silybum marianum meal as a replacement for soybean meal resulted in increased cytokines production without affecting growth performance in growing lambs, and the enrichment of immune-related genes and altered microbial community in the ileum were contributed to the increased immune responses.

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Section: A B Figuresupporting

confidence: 90%

An integrated transcriptome and microbial community analysis reveals potential mechanisms for increased immune responses when replacing silybum marianum meal with soybean meal in growing lambs

Zhang

Ren²,

Gebeyew³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The taxonomic composition of the human microbiota exhibits high interpersonal differences; however, microbial genes and metabolic modules share similar functions ( 3 , 4 ). In the gastrointestinal tract of healthy adults, Firmicutes , Bacteroidetes , Proteobacteria , Actinobacteria , and Verrucomicrobia are the main commensal microbial phyla ( 5 ), with Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes accounting as the majority of phyla ( 6 ). In contrast to the relative abundance of commensal microbiota, the normal human gut also contains pathobiota with potential pathogenic behavior ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between the gut microbiota-derived functional factors and intestinal epithelial cells – implication in the microbiota-host mutualism

2022

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Mutual interactions between the gut microbiota and the host play essential roles in maintaining human health and providing a nutrient-rich environment for the gut microbial community. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) provide the frontline responses to the gut microbiota for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Emerging evidence points to commensal bacterium-derived components as functional factors for the action of commensal bacteria, including protecting intestinal integrity and mitigating susceptibility of intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, IECs have been found to communicate with the gut commensal bacteria to shape the composition and function of the microbial community. This review will discuss the current understanding of the beneficial effects of functional factors secreted by commensal bacteria on IECs, with focus on soluble proteins, metabolites, and surface layer components, and highlight the impact of IECs on the commensal microbial profile. This knowledge provides a proof-of-concept model for understanding of mechanisms underlying the microbiota-host mutualism.

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“…Furthermore, multiple actinomycetes comprise the fecal microbiome of healthy humans (Hoyles et al, 2013). Firmicutes have been widely reported to be involved in the degradation of various cellulose and starch (Cholewińska et al, 2021;Yao et al, 2022). We speculate that this phenomenon occurs because the probiotic can manipulate the maturation of intestinal microbial communities and nutrient absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lactic acid bacteria preparations on calf fecal flora

Dong¹,

Wei²,

Sun³

et al. 2023

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of lactic acid bacteria preparations on microbial diversity and community structure of calves. On days 1 and 7 of the trial period, feces were collected into sterile tubes and labeled (Day 1: control group D1DZ, experimental group D1SY, and Day 7: control group D7DZ, experimental group D7SY). Twenty Angus calves (150±10 kg) were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 10 calves each. The control group fed a basal diet. In addition to feeding the basal diet, the experimental group was given 15 mL lactobacillus preparation orally at 09:00 and 16:00 h every day. Calves were allowed free feeding and drinking water. All other feeding environments and management conditions remained consistent with the experiment lasting for seven days. At the end of the experiment, the fecal microflora of the calves was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing techniques. The 16S rRNA analysis data were processed using the Excel 2007 software and analyzed by the IBM SPSS statistical software (Statistical Analysis System, version 22). The Alpha diversity index analysis showed that the Chao and the Ace indices were significantly different after feeding supplemented with lactic acid bacteria. The PCA analysis showed that the fecal flora structure differed significantly after supplementation with the lactic acid bacteria preparation. Further analysis showed that the lactic acid bacteria increased Firmicutes, Patescibacteria, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Clostridium_ sensu_stricto_1, and prevotellaceae_UCG-003 in the feces. Therefore, we speculate that lactic acid bacteria preparations play an important role in animal production and are beneficial to the diversity of the fecal microflora of the calves.

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Influence of selected factors on the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes phyla and the Lactobacillaceae family in the digestive tract of sheep

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

An integrated transcriptome and microbial community analysis reveals potential mechanisms for increased immune responses when replacing silybum marianum meal with soybean meal in growing lambs

An integrated transcriptome and microbial community analysis reveals potential mechanisms for increased immune responses when replacing silybum marianum meal with soybean meal in growing lambs

Interactions between the gut microbiota-derived functional factors and intestinal epithelial cells – implication in the microbiota-host mutualism

Effect of lactic acid bacteria preparations on calf fecal flora

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