Influence of secondary carbides precipitation and transformation on hardening behavior of a 15 Cr–1 Mo–1.5 V white iron

Microstructural Modifications of As-Cast High-Chromium White Iron by Heat Treatment

“…The technique could not provide reliable results for the fine size carbide particles due to their extremely small size. The presence of other carbide stoichiometries, such as M 3 C and M 6 C, is also possible ( Ref 1,8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…It should be noticed that several workers (Ref [11][12][13][14][15][16] have reported that isothermal destabilization heat treatment leads to the formation of secondary carbide particles of the type of M 23 C 6 . The absence of secondary M 23 C 6 in the present effort could be attributed to the fact that the alloy had been previously tempered by H.T.C.…”

Effects of deep cryogenic treatment on property of 3Cr13Mo1V1.5 high chromium cast iron

“…The destabilization heat treatment and sub-critical heat treatment are techniques in common use [5,7]. The sub-critical heat treatment is usually used to further reduce the austenite content after the destabilization heat treatment or directly used to reduce retained austenite content for obtaining martensitic matrix [12,15].…”

Microstructure and mechanical characterization of rapidly solidified Cr-C tool steel: Annealing effects

“…Furthermore, although a detailed mechanism for this tempering stability is unknown, it can be hypothesized that the misfit lattice strain caused by the supersaturated alloying elements might be impeding substitutional diffusion of the M elements [16,22]. Finally, the supersaturated alloying elements in the austenite could change the size of interstitial sites and increase the activation energy for carbon diffusion [16,23]. Together, these mechanisms would inhibit the transformation of austenite to ferrite and thus create a lag in carbide precipitation.…”