Influence of Season and Soil Properties on Fungal Communities of Neighboring Climax Forests (Carpinus cordata and Fraxinus rhynchophylla)

Abstract

Trees in forest ecosystems constantly interact with the soil fungal community, and this interaction plays a key role in nutrient cycling. The diversity of soil fungal communities is affected by both environmental factors and host tree species. We investigated the influence of both of these factors by examining the total fungal communities in the rhizospheric soil of climax tree species that have similar ecological roles (Carpinus cordata, an ectomycorrhizal [ECM] tree, and Fraxinus rhynchophylla, an arbuscular mycorrhizal [AM] tree) in temperate forests with continental climates of Mt. Jeombong, South Korea. Fungal communities were assessed by Illumina-MiSeq sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of environmental DNA, and comparing their environmental factors (season and soil properties). We found that soil fungi of the two forest types differed in terms of community structure and ecological guild composition. The total fungal community composition changed significantly with seasons and soil properties in the F. rhynchophylla forest, but not in the C. cordata forest. However, potassium and carbon were significantly correlated with fungal diversity in both forests, and a positive correlation was found only between symbiotrophs of C. cordata and the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio. Thus, the effects of environmental factors on soil fungal communities depended on the host trees, but some factors were common in both forests. Our results indicate that individual tree species should be considered when anticipating how the fungal communities will respond to environmental change.

Fungal–Bacterial Networks in the Habitat of SongRong (Tricholoma matsutake) and Driving Factors of Their Distribution Rules

“…The distributions of fungi (the relative abundance of dominant fungal genera >78%) and bacteria (the relative abundance of dominant bacterial genera >21%) in three collection sites were not uniform, which revealed that a few dominant species are responsible for the higher relative abundance ( Tables S1 and S3 ). In the Carpinus cordata forest, Inocybe , Sebacina , Tomentella and Russula account for 29% of the relative abundance [ 69 ]. The community compositions of EMF showed the same pattern that a few dominant genera account for the majority of the relative abundance in different forests [ 70 ].…”

Phylogenetic Reassessment, Taxonomy, and Biogeography of Codinaea and Similar Fungi

“…Habitat and geographical distribution: Saprobe on submerged wood, known only from Asia, China [29]. According to GlobalFungi, the identical sequences were found in 12 samples of rhizosphere soil (92%) or soil (8%) collected in forest (92%) or grassland (8%) habitats in Asia in North East China and South Korea [155,156]. The locations have a cold and humid climate (MAT avg.…”

Illumina MiSeq Sequencing Reveals Correlations among Fruit Ingredients, Environmental Factors, and AMF Communities in Three Lycium Barbarum Producing Regions of China

“…Especially, the soil of the Zhongning region is poor with lower soil physicochemical indicators, but it has a higher abundance of AMF species. Many studies suggest that soil pH significantly affects the AMF communities ( 33 , 35 , 63 – 66 ). For example, alkaline soils in forest ecosystems positively affect the AMF communities ( 67 ), while acidic soils negatively affect the AMF spore density and evenness ( 67 ).…”

“…Also, the host plants can have a controlling effect on AMF colonization ( 30 ). So far, most studies have only focused on the sampling sites at different locations to examine the correlation between soil physicochemical factors and AMF communities ( 31 – 33 ). Apart from soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activity, soil temperature, soil moisture, and the relative contributions of relevant environmental factors such as altitude, relative air humidity, soil pH, and available phosphorus (P), kalium (K), and magnesium (Mg) can influence the AMF spore production and root colonization ( 32 , 34 – 36 ).…”