Influence of rare earth holmium on the properties of lead iodide

Abstract

Lead iodide PbI 2 is a promising material for X-ray and γ detector applications. Two methods of preparation of PbI 2 are compared, precipitation and direct synthesis. The direct synthesis is a new method that brings good results. As an example of rare earth elements admixture Holmium has been used in order to investigate their influence on the properties of the resulting lead iodide crystals. Properties of the resulting material are characterized by performing electrical resistivity measurements and low temperature photoluminescence investigations.

Removal of oxidic impurities for the growth of high purity lead iodide single crystals

“…The resulting PbI 2 was refined by multipass zone melting (ZM) applying 30-38 runs. Details of the methods can be found in [8,11,19,20]. Table 1 summarises all relevant information on the shape and size of the source material used as well as the storage conditions and lists the types of gas under which the material was processed.…”

Trace Water in Lead Iodide Affecting Perovskite Crystal Nucleation Limits the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

“…A tunable bandgap, low crystal formation energy, and high defect tolerance make metal halide perovskite materials ideal Various parameters limit the experimental replicability of the device fabrication process: i) material purity; [11][12][13][14][15] ii) divergent fabrication pathways, e.g., mixing methods of precursor materials (such as a mixture of raw chemicals or a mixture of perovskite single-crystal powder; [16] and iii) sensitive processing windows, e.g., lower relative humidity atmosphere (<20%). [17] To achieve ideal optoelectronic properties, it is necessary to consider the impacts of impurities on performance.…”

Structural and Optical Properties of Lead Iodide Thin Films Prepared By Vacuum Evaporation Method

“…An accurate observation of each reflection peak for most samples reveals the presence of two less intense peaks very close to the main one (30-40 o ). This is probably due to the presence of polytypes [10,11].…”