Influence of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis on the functional activity of boars’ sperm with corrections of mineral nutrition

Abstract

The use of chelated compounds of trace elements as an alternative to mineral salts can increase their conversion, reduce the content in feed and prevent environmental pollution. However, it remains relevant to study the effect of these substances on the reproductive capacity of pigs. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis (PAH) on the functional activity of sperm of boars in the correction of mineral nutrition. The study used adult boars of the Large White breed. The duration of the experiment was 120 days, including: preparatory - 30, basic - 60 (feeding lactates of Zinc, Selenium, Copper and Iron) and final - 30 days. In the main period of the experiment, the diet of animals in the control group remained unchanged, and two experimental were with the addition of lactates Zinc, Selenium, Copper and Iron. The level of biologically active components in the diet of the experimental groups was higher by 10% and 20% compared with the control group. In the obtained blood samples it was determined the state of PAG. The functional activity of sperm in stored spermatozoa at 170C after 3 hours of incubation was determined by their activity and survival by testing for heat resistance, heat stress resistance, the number of anomalies and the integrity of acrosomes. It was found that the introduction of lactates of Zinc, Selenium, Copper and Iron in the feed mixture to boars significantly changes the state of PAG in blood depending on the number of additionally fed lactates of trace elements. The addition of these biologically active substances by 10% above the norm after 60 days of feeding helps to preserve the content of antioxidant vitamins, reduced glutathione, stimulates the functional activity of superoxide dismutase by 50% and catalase by 23.6% and is accompanied by a slight decrease in peroxidation processes. conjugates and TBC-active complexes. The addition of lactates of micronutrients to the feed mixture is by 20% more than norma for boars, compared with the control group, after 30 days of use stimulates peroxidation, accompanied by intensive use of non-enzymatic - vitamin A (p <0,05-0,01) and activation of enzymatic antioxidants - superoxide dismutase (p <0.05-0.01) and catalase, which lasts for 90 days. The viability of sperm is significantly correlated with the number of additionally fed lactates of trace elements. The addition of these biologically active substances by 10% more than normal after 60 days of feeding helps to increase the functional activity of sperm for 3 hours at a temperature of 170C storage, heat resistance (p <0.05), heat stress resistance, increases their ability to fertilize. The addition of lactates of micronutrients in the feed mixture is by 20% more than the norm for boars in comparison with the control group after two months of feeding increases the number of pathological forms of sperm (p <0,005), acrosome damage (p <0,05), reduces heat resistance and heat stress resistance of sperm <0.05), which reduces their fertility. It was found the fact that the processes of peroxidation in blood of boars are significantly interrelated with the functional activity of sperm in stored spermatozoa. The content of primary and secondary peroxidation products significantly correlates with the fertilizing ability of sperm in the range of r = 0.95… 0.99. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase are significantly interrelated with the fertilizing ability of sperm: in animals of the second group, the correlation coefficients were respectively r = 0.98 and r = 0.97, the third - r = 0.12 and r = 0.96, the first - r = - 0.58 and r = 0.80.