Influence of prenatal waterpipe tobacco smoke exposure on reproductive hormones and oxidative stress of adult male offspring rats

Abstract

Male infertility is adversely affected by tobacco cigarette smoking. Herein, the effects of prenatal waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) exposure on reproductive hormones and oxidative stress of adult offspring rats were evaluated. Pregnant rats received either fresh air or mainstream WTS (2 hr daily). Pregnancy outcomes, circulatory levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin, testicular levels of oestrogen, testosterone and oxidative stress biomarkers [catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] were assessed in their adult male offspring rats. Prenatal WTS exposure reduced the number of born offspring, female to pups ratio and birthweight (p < 0.05). Prenatal WTS exposure increased the circulatory levels of FSH and the testicular levels of oestrogen, testosterone and TBARS and catalase activity compared with control group (p < 0.05). However, GPx activity was reduced by WTS exposure (p < 0.05). There appeared to be a trend of increased LH and prolactin levels with prenatal WTS exposure; however, it was not statistically significant compared with control group (p > 0.05). The activity of SOD was not affected by prenatal WTS exposure (p > 0.05). In conclusion, prenatal WTS exposure altered reproductive hormones as well as oxidative stress biomarkers in adult male offspring rats.

Differences in oxidative stress profile in adolescents smoking waterpipe versus cigarettes: The Irbid TRY Project

“…In animal models, exposure to Wp smoke has been shown to cause oxidative damage and subsequent tissue injury to various body organs including the lungs (Khabour et al, 2018;Khan, Sundar, & Rahman, 2018;Nemmar, Al-Salam, Beegam, Yuvaraju, & Ali, 2020a), heart (Al-Sawalha, Al-Filali, Nemmar et al, 2020b), brain (Alqudah, Alzoubi, Ma'Abrih, & Khabour, 2018;Alzoubi, Halboup, Alomari, & Khabour, 2019a, kidney (Al-Sawalha, Alsari, Khabour, & Alzoubi, 2019c;Nemmar et al, 2020c;Rababa'h, Sultan, Alzoubi, Khabour, & Ababneh, 2016), liver (Charab, Abouzeinab, & Moustafa, 2016), and reproductive organs (Ali, 2017;Al-Sawalha, Almahmmod, Alzoubi, Khabour, & Alyacoub, 2019b). These alterations include induction of oxygen-reactive species, lipid peroxidation, and alteration of antioxidative enzyme activities (Badran & Laher, 2020).…”