“…In animal models, exposure to Wp smoke has been shown to cause oxidative damage and subsequent tissue injury to various body organs including the lungs (Khabour et al, 2018;Khan, Sundar, & Rahman, 2018;Nemmar, Al-Salam, Beegam, Yuvaraju, & Ali, 2020a), heart (Al-Sawalha, Al-Filali, Nemmar et al, 2020b), brain (Alqudah, Alzoubi, Ma'Abrih, & Khabour, 2018;Alzoubi, Halboup, Alomari, & Khabour, 2019a, kidney (Al-Sawalha, Alsari, Khabour, & Alzoubi, 2019c;Nemmar et al, 2020c;Rababa'h, Sultan, Alzoubi, Khabour, & Ababneh, 2016), liver (Charab, Abouzeinab, & Moustafa, 2016), and reproductive organs (Ali, 2017;Al-Sawalha, Almahmmod, Alzoubi, Khabour, & Alyacoub, 2019b). These alterations include induction of oxygen-reactive species, lipid peroxidation, and alteration of antioxidative enzyme activities (Badran & Laher, 2020).…”