Influence of Pollution on Parasites of Aquatic Animals

Khan, R. A.; Thulin, Jan

doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60309-7

Cited by 274 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In the present study, the high infection rate (65%) of C. gariepinus from Lake Manzala could therefore, be attributed to the contamination of the Lake by various pollutants and numerous tributaries coming from the River Nile. Khan and Thulin [25] reported that urban effluents promote aquatic pollution, thus making aquatic organism vulnerable to increased incidence of parasites. Although female fish were infected with more parasites species, infections were not significant in both males and females of C. gariepinus, these data are similar to the findings of Ayanda [26], who reported higher parasitic infestation in female C. gariepinus than the male as a result of their quest for survival, Omeji et al [27], Emere and Egbe [28] who reported that due to physiological state of the female, most gravid females could have reduced resistance to infestation by parasites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> in Lake Manzala, Egypt

Abdel‐Gaber¹,

Garhy²,

Morsy³

2015

ABB

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The African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is generally considered to be one of the most important tropical catfish species for aquaculture purposes. Parasitological investigation was performed in two hundred naturally collected fish samples during the period of February to December 2014. The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites infecting C. gariepinus was investigated. A total of 249 helminth parasites belonging to four genera were recovered from 130 (65%) examined fish samples. They were digenea Orientocreadium batrachoides, cestode Polyonchobothrium clariae, and nematode Procamallanus laevionchus and Camallanus polypteri. Majority of the recorded parasites were found in the intestine. Female fish samples had higher prevalence rate 72 (90%) than males 58 (48.33%), and there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in infestation rate between the two sexes. The relationship of host size (weight/length) and parasite infection showed that there was no significant difference in the parasitic infection among three classes, although fish of larger sizes had more infections. In addition, this study determines the effect of fish age on the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> in Lake Manzala, Egypt

Abdel‐Gaber¹,

Garhy²,

Morsy³

2015

ABB

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“…The species composition of parasite communities is clearly impacted by environmental stress, and species richness tends to decrease under degraded conditions. Numerous investigators have examined the effects of environmental stress on single species of parasites in temperate aquatic systems (Khan & Thulin, 1991;Overstreet, 1993;MacKenzie et al, 1995;Williams & Mackenzie, 2003;Marcogliese, 2004;Sures, 2004), despite the fact that it is difficult to predict the direction of effects of pollution impacts on parasite communities. Most studies document changes in some aspect of the parasite fauna, and it is clear that pollution has effects on parasite populations and communities and is, however, often associated with a reduction in species richness of parasites (Marcogliese, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of metazoan parasites of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) as indicators of pollution in a subtropical African river system

Madanire-Moyo

Barson

2009

J. Helminthol.

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The relationship between parasite species diversity and organic pollution in the upper Manyame catchment, Zimbabwe, was investigated between October 2006 and January 2007. The parasite assemblage comprised 13 species in total. Species richness in the unpolluted sites was high; in the moderately polluted sites, it was low, while in the polluted sites, only one parasite species was encountered. Component community diversity, as measured by the Shannon index (H 0 ), decreased with increase in organic pollution. The distribution and occurrence of ectoparasites (Dolops ranarum, Lamproglena clariae, Chonopeltis sp. and Macrogyrodactylus sp.) and one endoparasite (Lytocestus sp.) were limited to the unpolluted sites, demonstrating their sensitivity to organic pollution. The prevalence of the nematodes Paracamallanus cyathopharynx, Procamallanus laevionchus and Contracaecum spp. larvae decreased along the pollution gradient, showing their high sensitivity to organic pollution. The platyhelminths Diplostomum sp. and Polyonchobothrium clarias were the most tolerant and occurred at both polluted and unpolluted sites. Proteocephalus sp. and Caryophyllaeus sp. were limited to the polluted sites, probably as a result of high abundance of oligochaetes and copepods, their intermediate hosts that thrive in sewage-enriched sediments, at the downstream sites. The observed results assume that the decrease in parasite diversity can be related to increased organic pollution. Some parasites requiring complex life histories were absent along with pollution-related disappearance of their vector hosts. Further studies should address the identification of parasite life stages that are more sensitive to pollutants.

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“…One can imagine that the decrease of snail abundance was partly linked to an environmental change, like pollution, and that infected versus healthy snails had a better resistance. Pollutants tend to influence parasitism in multiple ways, and in some cases, may increase the prevalence of trematodes (for reviews: Môller, 1987;Khan & Thulin, 1991;Lafferty, 1997). However, it is evident as well, that the decrease of snail abundance after the spring breeding season and the demographie explosion was mostly explained by the great mortality of neonates and juveniles, that characterizes most temperate freshwater gastropods.…”

Section: Parasite Impact On the Freshwater Gastropod Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and temporal variation of trematode and gastropod communities in a freshwater ecosystem

Gérard

2001

Parasite

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Summary :The infra-and component community dynamics of digenetic trematodes in a freshwater gastropod community were examined over a 33-month period. The gastropod and trematode communities were composed of 17 and 10 species respectively. A total of 9,831 snails was collected; among them, 192 belonging to 14 species were infected by larval trematodes. The size of infected snails was significantly greater than that of healthy ones, and the increase of prevalence with size/age was interpreted as related to the increased probability of ultimately becoming parasitized. The trematode community was rich in allogenic species, but the most frequent trematode (cercariaeum) was autogenic and generalist (a range of 12 snail host species). There was a significantly positive relationship between the frequency of trematode species in the community and the number of first intermediate host species. A great temporal heterogeneity occurred in the prevalence of the snails, mainly attributed to the great temporal fluctuations of snail host populations and the variability of freshwater ecological conditions. The data on the occurrence of larval trematodes in 14 host species over the 33-month study allowed indicate a significant negative correlation between the abundance of gastropods and the prevalence of trematodes.KEY WORDS : trematode, gastropod, communities, dynamics, host-parasite interactions. Resume: STRUCTURE ET VARIATION TEMPORELLE DES COMMUNAUTES DE TREMATODES ET GASTEROPODES DANS UN ÉCOSYSTEME DULCICOLE Afin de mieux comprendre les interactions trematodes-mollusques a I'echelle communautaire, la dynamique des infra-et des xéno-communautés de trématodes digènes d'un lac a été

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Influence of Pollution on Parasites of Aquatic Animals

Cited by 274 publications

References 82 publications

Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> in Lake Manzala, Egypt

Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> in Lake Manzala, Egypt

Diversity of metazoan parasites of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) as indicators of pollution in a subtropical African river system

Structure and temporal variation of trematode and gastropod communities in a freshwater ecosystem

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Influence of Pollution on Parasites of Aquatic Animals

Cited by 274 publications

References 82 publications

Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish &lt;i&gt;Clarias gariepinus&lt;/i&gt; in Lake Manzala, Egypt

Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish &lt;i&gt;Clarias gariepinus&lt;/i&gt; in Lake Manzala, Egypt

Diversity of metazoan parasites of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) as indicators of pollution in a subtropical African river system

Structure and temporal variation of trematode and gastropod communities in a freshwater ecosystem

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Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> in Lake Manzala, Egypt

Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth Parasites of African Catfish <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> in Lake Manzala, Egypt