Influence of Pollen on the Development of Africanized Bee Colonies (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the importance of quality and quantity of pollen on the development of colonies in different seasons. The field experiment was conducted at the Apiary of the Department of Entomology and Acarology of Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, using five beehives of A. mellifera. In order to characterize the quality of pollen, researchers considered measures of total dry mass (g) and the physical-chemical and pollen composition of pollen load and bee bread samples. The development of hives was assessed according to the area covered by pollen, honey, and brood population in the hive (cm²), as well as fluctuating asymmetry of worker bee wings. Spearman's correlation was calculated among the assessed parameters. The value of ether extract of pollen loads was the only component that was related to the development of hives, its value increased as the area occupied by pollen in the hive decreased (-0.3200*), and as the difference of the number of hamuli of right and left hind wings increased (0.3317*). There was a positive relationship between the wealth (0.3150*) and evenness (0.3019*) of pollen composition and the size of brood population inside the hive. It was concluded that the development of the colony, mainly considering the area occupied by brood, is more successful with increased quantity, wealth, and evenness of collected pollen.

Fluctuating Asymmetry in Melipona scutellaris (L.) 1811 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Associated to Stress due to Transportation of Colonies

“…Several factors generate stress during bees ontogeny, such as feeding type (Modro et al, 2012), homeothermal control (Domingos & Gonçalves, 2014), management practices (Lima et al, 2016), and the use of pesticides (Nunes et al, 2015;Prado-Silva et al, 2018). Modro et al (2012) showed that in summer, when temperatures are higher, individuals showed high FA levels when compared to other periods of the year. This shows deviations in the symmetry of individuals with bilateral symmetry, and FA may reflect the development of instability caused by stress due to high temperatures.…”