Influence of pole plant time on the performance of a special jump and plant exercise in the pole vault

Schade, Falk; Arampatzis, Adamantios

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.03.031

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Results showed that, in the successful jumps, the grip hand was more posterior in relation to the takeoff foot at heel strike and toe-off. This position probably allowed athletes to obtain better active energy transmission to the pole during floor contact and initiated pole bending (McGinnis, 1997;Schade & Arampatzis, 2012). As described by Warburton et al (2015), the largest force required to bend the pole occurs at the first part of the bending.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Differences in approach run kinematics: successful vs. unsuccessful jumps in the pole vault

Cassirame¹,

Sánchez²,

Exell

et al. 2019

International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport

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This study investigated biomechanical differences between successful and unsuccessful jumps during a pole vault competition. Two hundred and seven pairs of successful and unsuccessful jumps at the same height were analysed. Participants included male and female athletes of three different age groups with bar height clearances ranging from 2.81 to 5.91 m. Run-up parameters were collected using an Optojump Next system and a Stalker Pro II radar gun. A 2D kinematical analysis was conducted to obtain selected parameters of the take-off. Only trivial and small differences were found between successful and unsuccessful jumps. Speed at last touchdown showed a significant small difference between successful and unsuccessful jumps, as greater speed at take-off (+0.15 m/s) was observed at successful jumps compared to unsuccessful jumps. Furthermore, female athletes showed a significant small difference in horizontal hand-foot distance between successful jumps and unsuccessful jumps (+0.05 m and +0.06 m at pole plant and take-off, respectively). The results suggest that pole vaulters should produce a fast run-up and avoid a decrease in speed before take-off. Small adjustments in the takeoff posture might increase the transfer of energy from the athlete to the pole and thus an improvement concerning the height of bar clearance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Differences in approach run kinematics: successful vs. unsuccessful jumps in the pole vault

Cassirame¹,

Sánchez²,

Exell

et al. 2019

International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport

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“…Pole vault practice is a sport requiring many physical and technical abilities to create and exchange energy with pole to maximize performance (Ekevad and Lundberg, 1997;Frère et al, 2010;Linthorne and Weetman, 2012;Schade and Arampatzis, 2012;Cassirame et al, 2017). During energetic exchange, especially at take-off, many mechanical constraints are applying on musculoskeletal system.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pole vault is a highly demanding specialty of Athletics, in the discipline of jumps (https://www.iaaf.org/disciplines), where many physical and technical requirements are engaged in performance process (Zagorac et al, 2008;Cassirame et al, 2017). This large combination of capabilities needed to perform at best includes for instance running speed, strength and agility, as well as important technical skills (Ekevad and Lundberg, 1997;Frère et al, 2010;Linthorne and Weetman, 2012;Schade and Arampatzis, 2012;Cassirame et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During those phases, the athlete could benefit from the elastic properties of the vaulting pole to gain in mechanical energy and achieve a high performance (Schade et al, 2004). Considering the level of energy transferred from horizontal speed of vaulter to the pole during pole planting, take-off, and pole bending phases (Ekevad and Lundberg, 1997;Frère et al, 2010;Linthorne and Weetman, 2012;Schade and Arampatzis, 2012), we can imagine that such musculoskeletal tensions/constraints can be associated with an increased risk of (specific) injuries, which increase with the accumulation of trials. In addition, given the multiple possibilities of morphological, physical and technical characteristics of the vaulters, and thus, the multiple ways to perform the pole vault, we can hypothesis that some patterns of pole vaults lead to higher injury risk than others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanical Pole Vault Patterns Were Associated With a Higher Proportion of Injuries

Édouard

Sánchez²,

Bourrilhon³

et al. 2019

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Background: Pole vault is a highly demanding sport where many physical and technical requirements are engaged in performance process. Considering level of energy transferred from athlete's horizontal speed to the pole during pole bending, we can imagine that associated musculoskeletal tensions, in addition to trials accumulation, can increase the risk of (specific) injuries. Given the multiple morphological, physical and technical characteristics of vaulters and ways of pole vaulting, we can hypothesis that some patterns of pole vaults can lead to higher injury risk than others. Aim: To analyze the potential association between the biomechanical patterns of pole vault and the history of injuries. Method: We conducted a study over national-level pole vaulters including the prospective collection of pole vault biomechanical data during competition at the national elite indoor championship and youth national indoor championship (U17 and U20), associated with the retrospective collection of their injuries during the 12 preceding months through an online questionnaire. Results: Among the 88 pole vaulters participating in these championships, 62 (70.5%) accepted to participated in this study, and their pole vault biomechanical and injury data were collected. 77.4% reported having presented at least one injury during the 12 preceding months. One biomechanical parameter related to the takeoff phase (lower H2, i.e., height of the grip (superior) hand from the ground when the athlete subsequently took off from the ground) and some biomechanical parameters related to the terminal phase of the run-up phase (higher Spd [i.e., speed between 10 and 5 meters to the box), SL adj (last stride adjustment), SL var (stride length variation), t c (contact time)] were significantly associated with higher proportions of all injuries. Edouard et al. Pole Vault Biomechanics and Injuries Conclusion: Biomechanical pole vault patterns during the competition day were associated with a higher proportion of history of all injuries. Although the injury data collection was retrospective leading to recall bias risk, and do not allow determining cause-consequence relationships regarding biomechanical patterns and injury occurrence, this present study is the first to analyze potential association between the biomechanical pole vault patterns and injury occurrence, which is of great help to provide hypotheses/ideas to design future studies and to move forward into prevention measures.

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“…These studies have implied that vaulters could not vault in a similar way as in competitions in the trials with fewer run-up steps. However, fewer run-up steps and a less rigid pole during competitions have been adopted in previous studies (Arampatzis et al, 2004;Frère et al, 2012a;Schade and Arampatzis, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Factors Influencing Bending of Pole in Pole Vault

Kageyuki

Matsubayashi

Yamamoto

et al. 2020

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

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This study aimed to determine the best indicator to evaluate the ability to bend the pole and to clarify the mechanical factors that can influence pole bending with the run-up and pole in the same settings as those in competitions. Eight male vaulters (4.60 m to 5.77 m: personal best record) participated. Three-dimensional body coordinates were obtained using a motion capture system (250 Hz). In addition, the box reaction force was measured with a force plate (1000 Hz). The results were summarized as follows: (1) The strain elastic energy in the pole (E pole) at maximal pole bending (MPB) showed higher correlation with the maximal height of the vaulterʼs center of gravity (CG) than the maximal bending rate and the maximal amount of pole bending (r = 0.94, r = 0.86, r = 0.87, respectively). (2) The larger the decrease in the translational energy and the smaller the increase in the potential energy in pole bending phase, the higher the E pole at MPB (r = − 0.87 and − 0.80, respectively). (3) The larger the moment of inertia around the CG and the upper grip at the instant where the negative peak value of the angular momentum around the CG appeared, the higher the E pole at MPB (r = 0.75 and 0.79, respectively). These results suggested that the E pole was a more desirable indicator to evaluate the ability to bend the pole. Additionally, these results can serve as a basis for the practical application of techniques, namely, the swing motion with a fully extended posture.

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Influence of pole plant time on the performance of a special jump and plant exercise in the pole vault

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Differences in approach run kinematics: successful vs. unsuccessful jumps in the pole vault

Differences in approach run kinematics: successful vs. unsuccessful jumps in the pole vault

Biomechanical Pole Vault Patterns Were Associated With a Higher Proportion of Injuries

Mechanical Factors Influencing Bending of Pole in Pole Vault

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