Influence of players' vocalisations on soccer referees' decisions

Abstract

The influence of a potentially fouled player's vocalisations on the referee's decisions was investigated. Experienced soccer referees watched video clips of real-match situations that were presented either without sound or with sound where a player's vocalisations were clearly audible and made judgements regarding fouls, direction of play and personal penalties. The results revealed that players' vocalisations had no impact on the foul decisions of the referees. However, once a referee made a foul decision, the player's vocalisations led to an increased number of personal penalties (increase in yellow cards) for the foul-causing player. In addition to crowd noise, a player's vocalisations during a foul are used as a proximal cue in the referee's decision-making process.

Referee Bias in Professional Football: Favoritism Toward Successful Teams in Potential Penalty Situations

“…Further, a team's success may not fully account for its potential impact on referees, so other factors (e.g., club size) should also be considered. While it is indicated that a player's vocalization can influence the referee to penalize a foul-causing player harder (see Lex et al, 2015), it should also be noted that various players are likely to have different impacts on the referee. Finally, EP decisions should be viewed as indications; their evaluations are also frequently based on ambiguous, unclear situations.…”

Investigation on Soccer Referees: A Narrative Review

“…J. Sport Tourism 2019, 26(3), [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] social and psychological elements that contribute to the development of stress amongst referees before and after matches [15]. Additionally, by getting to know the process of decision making, we may be able to infer with greater accuracy which elements precede and which ones follow the performance of referees.…”

“…J. Sport Tourism 2019, 26(3), [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] compared to forward displacements. Though not performed at sprint-level intensity, the action of moving backwards is more demanding (due to its intensity level in terms of both the metabolic reaction and the cardio-respiratory reaction) and, therefore, requires a greater energy output than that of forward displacement [32].…”

“…J. Sport Tourism 2019, 26(3), [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] correct decisions. As it stands, perception errors, which are more common during the initial stages of referees' careers, can be reduced through long-term planning.…”

Tomada de decisão no contexto esportivo

“…No que refere aos fatores externos, verificou-se que a quantidade de torcida no estádio, sua proximidade do campo e também o local da partida e sua temperatura condicionaram de forma significativa as decisões dos árbitros, implicando em maior quantidade de cartões para a equipe visitante e uma melhor temperatura ambiental para a tomada de decisão mais assertiva (20,25,57) . No que concerne aos fatores internos, verificou-se que os árbitros assistentes possuem uma limitação ótica de projeção da imagem na retina quando a movimentação é feita em diferentes terços do campo, implicando em marcações adequadas ou não do impedimento (34) .…”