Influence of Plasma Jet Temperature Profiles in Arc Discharge Methods of Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis

Abstract

One of the most common methods of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) synthesis is application of an electric-arc plasma. However, the final product in the form of cathode deposit is composed of carbon nanotubes and a variety of carbon impurities. An assay of carbon nanotubes produced in arc discharge systems available on the market shows that commercial cathode deposits contain about 10% CNTs. Given that the quality of the final product depends on carbon–plasma jet parameters, it is possible to increase the yield of the synthesis by plasma jet control. Most of the carbon nanotubes are multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). It was observed that the addition of catalysts significantly changes the plasma composition, effective ionization potential, the arc channel conductance, and in effect temperature of the arc and carbon elements flux. This paper focuses on the influence of metal components on plasma-jet forming containing carbon nanotubes cathode deposit. The plasma jet temperature control system is presented.

Ecofriendly synthesis of MWCNTs by electric arc in aqueous medium: Comparative study of 6B pencil and mineral graphite

“…Although, metal‐based catalysts (Ni, Fe, and Co) are usually applied along with the carbon precursors to improve the quality and yield of production 15 . Despite the EA benefits and the technique low‐cost, the production of pure nanotubes may exceed $100.00/g 16 . This high value is mainly related to the elevated cost of the PMG precursor, 17,18 usually applied in the EA process 2,3,9 …”

Single‐stage plasma‐chemical synthesis and characterization of carbon nanoparticle‐polymer suspensions

“…At the same time, there is a method for producing polymeric coatings utilizing gas‐discharge plasma, which allows synthesis of carbon particles directly in the process of the polymer formation. [ 11,12 ] It was shown in our preliminary studies that it is possible to obtain a more uniform distribution of carbon particles in the polymer matrix, [ 11 ] compared with the conventional methods of their introduction. [ 4,5 ] The gas‐discharge technique forms a shell, for example, an oligomer or polymer on the particles' surface corresponding to the initial monomer.…”

Определение Структуры Углеродных Частиц, Образующихся При Формировании Полимерной Пленки В Плазмохимическом Реакторе

“…Один из перспективных подходов к формированию композиционных полимерных материалов по этой технологии основан на использовании газовых разрядов [6][7][8][9][10], например барьерного коронного разряда переменного тока атмосферного давления [11]. Такой подход по-зволяет синтезировать углеродные частицы непосредственно в процессе формирования полимера [11,12]. На поверхностях углеродных наночастиц возможно образование оболочки, например олигомера, соответствующего мономеру, подаваемому в плазмохимический реактор.…”