Influence of pesticide residues on soil microbiological and chemical properties

Martin, James P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-8380-6_6

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Partial sterilization briefly accelerates the decomposition of soil organic matter, increasing the quantity of C and N mineralized by the soil. The chemical, microbial, and physical changes caused by partial sterilization have been reviewed by Kopeloff and Coleman (1917), Gustafson (1922), Waksman (1931), more recently in Soils and Fertilizers (1948), by Warcup (19 7), and by Martin 1963).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Theories postulating that partial sterilization increases microbial vigour (Gooding and McCalla, 1945; Birch, 1958). (c) Ecological theories: decomposition is held up by antagonism between different sections of the population, one section keeping another in check ; after partial sterilization the previously checked section of the population grows unchecked for a time, causing a flush of decomposition (Martin, 1963;McLaren, Luse and Skujins, 1962). One section of the PO ulation can keep another in check either ment unsuitable for other organisms, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the Decomposition of Plant Material in Soil

Jenkinson

1966

Journal of Soil Science

238

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Summary Soil samples taken during an experiment on the decomposition of 14C‐labelled ryegrass in soil under field conditions (see Part I) were air‐dried, irradiated, exposed to CHCl3 or CH3Br vapours, oven‐dried or autoclaved. After these treatments the soils were inoculated, incubated, and the output of CO2 measured. All these methods of partially (or, in some cases, completely) sterilizing soil rendered a small heavily labelled fraction of the soil organic matter decomposable. This fraction is postulated to be the soil biomass. Treatments involving heat or irradiation rendered small additional amounts of the soil organic matter decomposable (by processes other than the killing of organisms). Incubating unsterilized soil with partially sterilized soil did not decrease evolution of CO2. This suggests that partial sterilization does not increase mineralization by destroying toxic substances that inhibit microbial growth, or by disturbing a host: predator balance in the unsterilized soil. The longer the labelled ryegrass was allowed to decompose in the field, the less labelled‐CO2 was evolved after partial sterilization. In contrast, the same amount of unlabelled‐CO2 was evolved from a soil that had been incubated 1 or 4 years with ryegrass. The labelled part of the biomass is considered to be largely zymogenic (with a half life of approximately 1.5 years), the unlabelled part largely autochthonous, remaining almost constant over the 3‐year period. It is suggested that the size of the soil biomass can be roughly estimated from the size of the flush of CO2 after CHCl3 vapour treatment. Calculated on this basis, 2.3–3.5 Per cent the unlabelled‐C in these soils (i.e. the C present in the soil before the labelled ryegrass was added) was in the biomass. Of the original ryegrass C added, 10–12 per cent was in the biomass after 1 year, decreasing to 4 per cent after 4 years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Decomposition of Plant Material in Soil

Jenkinson

1966

Journal of Soil Science

238

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“…Any factors which affect the deposition and break-up of granules, or the release, movement, degradation, or uptake of the sorbed toxicant, will affect the residues associated with the use of granules. Many aspects of the behaviour of pesticides in soil are common to other formulations and have been reviewed by LILLY (1956), GUNTHER and BLINN (1956), REYNOLDS ( 1958), EBELING (1963), MARTIN (1963), andEDWARDS (1966). The size of the problem can be judged from the number of reviews that are available, including a bibliography from the U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (U.S.D.H.E.W.…”

Section: Use In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residue Reviews

1971

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“…The general consensus is that under normal application rates pesticidal and several other foreign com pounds have little effect on the soil microorganisms that have been stiuiiotl. A<.UILtional informâti<.>n rclatLng co the interactions between microorganisms and pesticides is summarized in a paper by Bollen (1961) and a literature review by Martin (1963).…”

Section: Influence Of Pesticides On Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%