Influence of peripartum on the erythrogram of Holstein dairy cows

Moreno

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to identify the impact of Trueperella pyogenes in cows with clinical endometritis (CE) on reproductive performance and milk production in affected cows. In total, 230 lactating Holstein dairy cows from six commercial dairy herds were sampled once between 28 and 33 days post‐partum. Cows included in the present study did not receive antibiotic or anti‐inflammatory treatments prior to the experimental period. Clinical endometritis (CE) was characterized as cow with vaginal mucus score = 3 (>50% of purulent vaginal discharge) and >18% polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte (PMNL). The body condition scores (BCS) and milk production were evaluated at the time of enrolment. The identification of isolated bacteria was carried out through the analysis of MALDI‐TOF MS (matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry). According to uterine health, three groups of dairy cows were formed: healthy control cows without T. pyogenes (n = 147), CE cows with T. pyogenes (n = 22) and CE cows without T. pyogenes (n = 61). CE cows with T. pyogenes had lower BCS, milk production and conception at first AI (p < .01) than CE cows without T. pyogenes and control cows. Furthermore, CE cows with T. pyogenes had higher (p < .01) service per pregnancy and had greater (p < .01) days to get pregnant than CE cows without T. pyogenes and control cows. This study demonstrates that CE cows with T. pyogenes had impaired reproductive performance and milk production when compared to cows without CE and CE cows without T. pyogenes. This information can contribute to a strategic treatment in cows affected by clinical endometritis, favouring the rational use of antibiotics on dairy farms.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical endometritis with Trueperella pyogenes reduces reproductive performance and milk production in dairy cows

Moreno

et al. 2021

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“…(2019) found an incidence of 26.5% with metritis, which could negatively affect the welfare and productivity of the cows (Sheldon et al., 2009). After calving, dairy cows can present nutritional, hormonal and metabolic alterations that contribute to the negative energy balance (NEB) and compromise the immune function (Goff, 2008; Paiano, Birgel, & Birgel Junior, 2020; Paiano et al., 2018; Sordillo, 2016). Reductions in immune response and NEB have been reported in metritic cows from North America (Dervishi et al., 2016) and Europe (Pohl, Burfeind, & Heuwieser, 2015); however, there is a lack of this information in dairy herds in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in biochemical profiles and reproduction performance in postpartum dairy cows with metritis

Birgel

et al. 2020

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During the puerperium phase, physiological modifications occur in the reproductive tract of dairy cows, such as involution of the reduction in uterine size, removal of cellular debris and the resumption of ovarian cyclicity (Cui, Wang, Ding, Li, & Li, 2019; Sheldon, 2004). Around 90% of the cows will have bacterial contamination within the first 14 days after parturition (Sheldon, Cronin, Goetze, Donofrio, & Schuberth, 2009); however, in some cows, these bacteria remain in the uterus and contribute to a higher prevalence of puerperal diseases (Kimura, Goff, Kehrli, & Reinhardt, 2002). One of the main puerperal diseases in cattle is metritis, which is classified as puerperal metritis and characterized by an abnormally enlarged uterus with a fetid watery red-brown uterine discharge, which is associated with signs of systemic illness and fever (≥39.5°C) within 21 days postpartum; and clinical metritis is characterized by an abnormally enlarged uterus, a purulent uterine discharge detectable in the vagina within 21 days postpartum, and no signs of systemic illness (Sheldon, Lewis, LeBlanc, & Gilbert, 2006). In a previous study of 336 cows in Brazil, Paiano, Lahr, et al. (2019) found an incidence of 26.5% with metritis, which could negatively affect the welfare and productivity of the cows (Sheldon et al., 2009). After calving, dairy cows can present nutritional, hormonal and metabolic alterations that contribute to the negative energy balance (NEB) and compromise the immune function (Goff,

“…The transition from late gestation to early lactation is characterized by changes in metabolism and hormonal profile (Paiano et al, 2019a). During this phase, homeorrhetic modifications occur to provide nutrients to the foetus and lactogenesis (Paiano et al, 2020a). These changes associated with the increase in nutritional demand and the lower food intake, that occur during this phase, contribute to the establishment of a negative energy balance (NEB), this nutritional and metabolic imbalance can contribute to an immunosuppression status that can favour the increased risk of cows develop lipomobilization, ketosis and hypocalcemia (Ospina et al, 2010; Chapinal et al, 2011; Barletta et al, 2017; Paiano et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of biochemical profile of dairy cows with metabolic diseases in tropical conditions

Birgel

et al. 2020

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The aims of this study were to characterize the biochemical profile, the reproductive performance and to identify potential predictive biomarkers of disease state of dairy cows with hyperketonemia, lipomobilization and hypocalcemia raised in tropical conditions in southeastern Brazil. Dairy cows (n = 50) were divided into a group of healthy cows (n = 14), cows with lipomobilization (n = 14), cows with hypocalcemia (n = 11), and a group of cows with hyperketonemia (n = 11). Evaluation of body condition score (BCS), body weight (BW) and blood samples was performed on 21, 14, 7, 4 and 2 days before calving, parturition, 1, 7, 14, 21, 30, 45 and 60 days post‐partum and milk production was recorded on days 7, 14, 21, 30, 45 and 60 after parturition. Blood samples were assayed for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma‐glutammyltransferase (GGT), albumin, total protein, globulin, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea and creatinine concentrations. The biochemical profile, BCS, BW, milk production and reproductive performance differed (p < .05) among the groups. Our findings indicate changes in the biochemical profile of dairy cows with metabolic diseases and impaired production and fertility of dairy cows in this group. Variable importance in projection plots demonstrated that cholesterol, urea, total protein, albumin and fibrinogen in the serum were the strongest discriminators between cows with hypocalcemia and healthy cows; and AST, cholesterol, urea and triglycerides for cows with hyperketonemia and healthy cows; and cholesterol, urea, triglycerides, total protein and fibrinogen for lipomobilization and healthy cows, which might be useful as predictive biomarkers of the disease state.