Influence of Performance Setting, Experience and Difficulty of                     Routine on Precompetition Anxiety and Self-Confidence of High School Female                     Gymnasts

Matheson, Hilary; Mathes, Sharon

doi:10.2466/pms.1991.72.3c.1099

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Two factors could explain this difference. On the one hand, anxiety responses are known to be importantly related to the type of the task and the rate of uncertainty (Hanton et al 2000;Martens et al 1990;Matheson and Mathes 1991), and BMX competition, compared to swimming and country ski ones, is short time-lasting, more dependent on explosive strength resources and probably involves itself a higher degree of uncertainty. Indeed, Veldhuijzen Van Zanten et al (2002), in a laboratory setting study (a motorized racing car game), showed that dual races, compared to solo races, caused a greater decrease in rMSSD, an anxiety-related index of HR dynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability and pre-competitive anxiety in BMX discipline

et al. 2011

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Altered neural mechanisms implying autonomic functioning have been described related to anxiety. Pre-competitive stress may be considered as an anxiety-state associated with disorders (i.e. somatic and cognitive alterations, and self-confidence worsening) that severely impair sport performance, conditioning short-lasting strength-related disciplines like BMX. From the psychological perspective, coaches use questionnaires like CSAI-2R to identify these alterations. However, with the emergence of psycho-physiological and non-linear approaches, recent studies suggest that HRV analysis provides a non-invasive tool to assess them. Hence, our purpose was to analyze how BMX competition affects subjective perception of anxiety, and if this emotional alteration is reflected in HR dynamics, analyzed both linear and nonlinearly, exploring the evolution of this relationship in a 2-day competition. Eleven male athletes from the BMX Spanish National Team were assessed from baseline HRV the morning of a training session (rT) and on two successive days of competition (rC1 and rC2), repeating HRV recording with CSAI-2R 20 min prior to training (aT) and competition (pre-competitive: aC1 and aC2). Repeated measures MANOVA showed significant vagal slow-down responses in aC1 and aC2 comparing not only with aT, but also comparing with rT, rC1 and rC2, coinciding with significant greater scores for the somatic and cognitive anxiety (SA and CA) in aC1 and aC2 versus aT. Pearson analysis showed a large and positive correlation between α1 and SA in C1, and close to it between SampEn and CA in aC2; both were confirmed by Bland-Altman chart analysis. Our results confirm that HRV analysis provide a complementary tool to assess competitive pressure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability and pre-competitive anxiety in BMX discipline

et al. 2011

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“…Donzelli, Dugoni, & Johnson, 1990;Gould, Petlichkoff, & Weinberg, 1984;Matheson & Mathes, 1991). Other related studies have examined the absolute age of the participants as a measure of experience rather than years in sport or the number of years at a particular level (Hammermeister & Burton, 1995;Martens et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Competitive experience and performance status: an investigation into multidimensional anxiety and coping

Hanton

Neil

Mellalieu

et al. 2008

European Journal of Sport Science

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In this study, we examined the influence of competitive experience (high vs. low) and performance status (current-elite vs. past-elite) upon athletes' (N0217) multidimensional trait anxiety, self-confidence, and coping responses. Significant interaction effects showed that the current-elite group, with high experience, had the highest levels of self-confidence and most facilitative interpretation of worry symptoms. Independent variable analysis revealed that the high-experience group reported lower somatic anxiety levels than their low-experience counterparts, and viewed the use of problem-and avoidance-focused coping strategies as more and less effective respectively. Current-elite performers reported lower worry intensity and more facilitative interpretations of somatic anxiety than the past-elite performers, as well as the use of more effective problem-focused and positive emotion-focused coping. The findings highlight competitive experience and performance status as important variables in the study of multidimensional anxiety and coping.

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“…Investigations of sport experience and competitive stress have been limited due to the conceptualization of anxiety as an undimensional construct (i.e., Gould et al, 1984; Donzelli et al, 1990), the examination of only the intensity of the response (Matheson & Mathes, 1991; Krane & Williams, 1994; Perkins & Williams, 1994) and the classification of the absolute age of the participants as an indicator of the experience rather than years in sport, or, more importantly, the number of years at the higher levels of competitive sport (Martens et al, 1990a; Hammermeister & Burton, 1995). The equivocal findings from the examination of the intensity of anxiety responses suggest that clearer understanding may be gleaned from the study of performers' directional interpretations of symptoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Intensity and direction of competitive anxiety as a function of sport type and experience

Mellalieu

Hanton

O’Brien

2004

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

108

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Using Jones' (1995) model of control, intensity (level) and direction (interpretation) of symptoms associated with competitive trait anxiety were examined as a function of sport type and competitive experience. Participants from gross explosive and fine motor-skill sports (n = 162) completed a trait version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (Martens et al., 1990a) including intensity and direction subscales (Jones & Swain, 1992). Main effects for experience and sport type were reported with gross explosive sports indicating symptoms associated with competitive anxiety as more facilitative to performance than fine motor-skill sports. Experienced performers also reported more-facilitating interpretations of symptoms than their less-experienced counterparts. The findings provide support from a dispositional context to suggest that sport type and the level of competitive experience influence interpretation of symptoms usually experienced in pressure situations. Implementation of activation, relaxation or restructuring interventions contingent upon the nature of the sport is recommended with consideration of the development of confidence-building strategies in less-experienced performers.

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Influence of Performance Setting, Experience and Difficulty of Routine on Precompetition Anxiety and Self-Confidence of High School Female Gymnasts

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Heart rate variability and pre-competitive anxiety in BMX discipline

Heart rate variability and pre-competitive anxiety in BMX discipline

Competitive experience and performance status: an investigation into multidimensional anxiety and coping

Intensity and direction of competitive anxiety as a function of sport type and experience

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