Influence of Partial Pressure of Oxygen in Blood Samples on Measurement Performance in Glucose-Oxidase-Based Systems for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose

Baumstark, Annette; Schmid, Christina; Pleus, Stefan; Haug, Cornelia; Freckmann, Guido

doi:10.1177/193229681300700611

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…On the other hand, low oxygen levels (eg, in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) might help deliver falsely high BG values. 23,56 On the other hand, a study using GD test strips showed them not to be significantly affected by different oxygen pressure. 54 With a GO-based measurement, however, an increase in pO 2 to >100 Torr (eg, in critically ill patients receiving oxygen treatment) may result in a remarkable underestimation of BG values.…”

Section: Physiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22,54 An evaluation of 5 SMBG systems utilizing a GO enzyme reaction on test strips showed BG measurements to be affected by pO 2 values < 45 and ≥ 150 mmHg in the blood sample. 56 The practical relevance of these correlations is highlighted by an investigation of capillary blood samples obtained from the fingertips of 110 patients (31 with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 69 with type 2 diabetes, 10 without diabetes, no acute serious diseases). A broad range of capillary pO 2 values was demonstrated to occur in daily clinical practice.…”

Section: Physiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interferences and Limitations in Blood Glucose Self-Testing

Erbach¹,

Freckmann²,

Hinzmann³

et al. 2016

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) both in insulintreated and non-insulin-treated people with diabetes is supported by recently published trials, reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] SMBG is recommended to be performed in a structured approach. 2,5,8,9 It is reported to be only useful when blood glucose (BG) data are interpreted and utilized for immediate therapeutic actions. 3,4,[10][11][12][13] For instance, the need for adequate dosing of insulin heavily depends on reliable glucose information. 8 In particular, patients with insulintreated diabetes perform SMBG as a substantial element of daily management of diabetes.14,15 The term "BG system" denotes the combination of a BG meter and test strips, and both determine analytical performance. 8 The analytical and handling performance of BG systems has largely improved over the past decades. In addition, the implementation of inmeter safety features (ie, validity of test strips check) has further increased the safety of these devices. 16 Consequently, patients with appropriate training and a good performance of BG testing can typically rely on the precision of BG measurement results. However, in the daily practice a range of factors with potential impact on the reliability of BG measurement needs to be considered. In fact, this is an important aspect in field of point-of-care (POC) testing. 17 Members of the diabetes team and patients should be well informed about all factors potentially falsifying BG measurement results: human, meter-inherent, test-strip-inherent, environmental, physiological, and medication-related impact factors (Table 1).The risk of misinterpretation of BG readings can be minimized by detailed information on the factors potentially affecting BG measurement. Hence, the aim of this publication is to review the current knowledge on limitations and interferences significant for reliable BG testing.Nonetheless, due to the rapid technological progress, it should be kept in mind that performance of most more recent BG meters may not always be reflected by the reviewed literature, since it reports on data generated with older BG generations. 17 Moreover, it is important to note that some studies on limitations of BG meters were performed under extreme conditions which do not comply with the approved conditions of usage. AbstractIn general, patients with diabetes performing self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) can strongly rely on the accuracy of measurement results. However, various factors such as application errors, extreme environmental conditions, extreme hematocrit values, or medication interferences may potentially falsify blood glucose readings. Incorrect blood glucose readings may lead to treatment errors, for example, incorrect insulin dosing. Therefore, the diabetes team as well as the patients should be well informed about limitations in blood glucose testing. The aim of this publication is to review the current knowledge on limitations and interferences in blood glucose testing with the perspective of the...

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Section: Physiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferences and Limitations in Blood Glucose Self-Testing

Erbach¹,

Freckmann²,

Hinzmann³

et al. 2016

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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“…It has been argued that the lower reported glucose levels observed at higher altitudes are the result of methodological artifacts. There is strong evidence demonstrating the inconsistency of the performance of portable blood glucose meters in the presence of low oxygen tension (47)(48)(49)(50)(51) and low ambient temperatures (47)(48)(49)(50)(51). In addition, an increased number of red blood cells caused by high altitudes may also have affected glucose readings in blood glucose meters, due to mechanical impairment of the diffusion of plasma into the reagent membrane (52).…”

Section: Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiometabolic risk factors in native populations living at high altitudes

Hirschler

2015

Int J Clin Pract

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“…Causes of falsely high BGM values include: low hematocrit (<35%), hyperuricemia, low partial pressure of oxygen (<45mm Hg) in GO based devices, and acetaminophen. Factors that falsely decrease BGM values include: elevated hematocrit (>45%), hypertriglyceridemia, decreased tissue perfusion at the testing site, elevated partial pressure of oxygen (>150mm Hg) in GO-based devices, and ascorbic acid (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). High maltose levels in peritoneal dialysis solution, intravenous immunoglobulin G, Rho (D) immunoglobulin, Abatacept, and tositumomab cause falsely high BG concentrations with glucose meters that use GDH-PQQ (25).…”

Section: Inaccuracies In Bgmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

Marks

Wolfsdorf

2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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Regular self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, and ketones when indicated, is an essential component of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management. Although fingerstick blood glucose monitoring has been the standard of care for decades, ongoing rapid technological developments have resulted in increasingly widespread use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). This article reviews recommendations for self-monitoring of glucose and ketones in pediatric T1D with particular emphasis on CGM and factors that impact the accuracy and real-world use of this technology.

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Influence of Partial Pressure of Oxygen in Blood Samples on Measurement Performance in Glucose-Oxidase-Based Systems for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose

Abstract: These data suggest that capillary blood pO2 variations lead to clinically relevant BG measurement deviations in GOx systems, even in GOx systems that are not labeled as being oxygen sensitive.

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Interferences and Limitations in Blood Glucose Self-Testing

Interferences and Limitations in Blood Glucose Self-Testing

Cardiometabolic risk factors in native populations living at high altitudes

Monitoring of Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

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